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The Federalists Divide (or the Rise of the Republican Party). John M. Sacher jsacher@mail.ucf.edu. First American Party System Federalists vs. Republicans. Issues—Broad vs. Strict Construction, Commerce vs. Agriculture, Great Britain vs. France Not a modern party system
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The Federalists Divide(or the Rise of the Republican Party) John M. Sacher jsacher@mail.ucf.edu
First American Party SystemFederalists vs. Republicans • Issues—Broad vs. Strict Construction, Commerce vs. Agriculture, Great Britain vs. France • Not a modern party system • Where does Washington fit? • Regional imbalance • Depth of allegiance • Opposition legitimacy
Hamilton on the divide in the country • “One side appears to believe that there is a serious plot to overturn the State governments, and substitute a monarchy to the present republican system. The other side firmly believes that there is a serious plot to overturn the general government and elevate the separate powers of the States upon its ruins. Both sides may be equally wrong.”
What do you do if you think that the government threatens republicanism? 1. Armed overthrow of the government 2. Congress 3. Partisan newspapers 4. Form a political party 5. Secede (states’ rights)
Electoral Votes—1792 George Washington 132 John Adams 77 George Clinton 50 Thomas Jefferson 4 Aaron Burr 1
Philip Freneau, The National Gazette • John Fenno, Gazette of the United States
Partisan Quotes • Republican editor, “If ever a nation was deceived by a man, the American nation has been deceived by Washington.” • His administration was “a series of errors or of crimes.” He is “the source of all the misfortunes of our country.” • Regarding Jefferson, “I should have no objection to the boys spitting on him as he goes along the street, if it were not that I think it would confer . . . too much honor him.”
Jay’s Treaty “Damn John Jay! Damn everyone that won’t damn John Jay! Damn everyone that won’t put lights in his window and sit up all night damning John Jay!
Aaron Burr Hamilton on Burr, “I feel it to be my religious duty to oppose his career.”