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TURKEY, IRAN AND CYPRUS

TURKEY, IRAN AND CYPRUS. TURKEY. TURKEY WAS CONTROLLED BY PERSIANS, GREEKS AND ROMANS THROUGHOUT HISTORY. TURKS WERE LAST EMPIRE BUILDERS IN THE AREA AND MOST TRACE HISTORY TO THE TURKS. TURKS. MUSLIM WARRIORS BUT NOT ARABS. TURKISH CULTURE CONQUERED MUCH OF SOUTHWEST ASIA.

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TURKEY, IRAN AND CYPRUS

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  1. TURKEY, IRAN AND CYPRUS

  2. TURKEY • TURKEY WAS CONTROLLED BY PERSIANS, GREEKS AND ROMANS THROUGHOUT HISTORY. • TURKS WERE LAST EMPIRE BUILDERS IN THE AREA AND MOST TRACE HISTORY TO THE TURKS.

  3. TURKS • MUSLIM WARRIORS BUT NOT ARABS. • TURKISH CULTURE • CONQUERED MUCH OF SOUTHWEST ASIA. • END OF WWI OTTOMAN EMPIRE BROKE UP AND TURKEY LOST MUCH OF THE LAND IT CONTROLLED.

  4. KEMAL--ATATURK • MANY TURKS UPSET BY THE LOST LAND. • PAVED WAY FOR FIERY YOUNG LEADER MUSTAFA KEMAL. • KEMAL OVERTHROWS THE SULTAN AND DECLARES TURKEY A REPUBLIC.

  5. KEMAL--ATATURK • ATATURK=“FATHER OF THE TURKS” • KEMAL SETS OUT TO MODERNIZE TURKEY • MAKES MANY POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHANGES • REPLACED ISLAMIC LAW WITH EUROPEAN LAW

  6. KEMAL--ATATURK • OUTLAWED THE “FEZ”-A TYPE OF BRIMLESS HAT AND RIDICULED WOMEN WEARING VEILS. • WOMEN GIVEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE. • ALL WERE ENCOURAGED TO GO TO SCHOOL.

  7. TURKEY TODAY • TURKEY HAS FACE MANY ECONOMIC OBSTACLES IN BECOMING MODERN. • MANY STRUGGLES BETWEEN SECULAR AND ISLAMIC GROUPS FOR POLITICAL POWER. • KURDS FIGHTING FOR INDEPENDENCE HAS ALSO BEEN A PROBLEM. 20% OF THE POPULATION.

  8. TURKEY TODAY • FARMING IS STILL IMPORTANT BUT TURKEY IS THE MOST INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY IN MIDDLE EAST. • CITIZENS ARE VERY ACTIVE IN GOVERNMENT AND HAS FREELY ELECTED GOVERNMENT.

  9. IRAN • PERSIANS WERE THE ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF IRAN 3000 YEARS AGO. • DOMINANT CULTURAL GROUP TODAY. • PERSIAN CULTURE WAS WELL ESTABLISHED BY MID 600’S WHEN ARAB ARMIES ARRIVED.

  10. IRAN • MOST PERSIANS CONVERTED TO ISLAM • MANY STILL SPEAK FARSI, THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE TODAY

  11. IRAN AND MODERNIZATION • 1921 REZA KAHN TAKES POWER AND DECLARES HIMSELF SHAH. • MOST PEOPLE WERE NOMADIC FARMERS AND HERDERS AT THIS TIME. • He began to build roads, open schools and encourage industry, women given more rights.

  12. IRAN AND MODERNIZATION • KHAN’S SON TAKES OVER DURING WWII AND CONTINUES TO MOVE TOWARDS WESTERNIZATION. • OIL PROFITS USED TO IMPROVE HEALTH CARE AND EDUCATION. • WOMEN BEGIN TO VOTE, HOLD JOBS AND DRESS IN WESTERN CLOTHING.

  13. AYATOLLAHS AND CHANGE • AYATOLLAHS OPPOSED MANY OF THE MODERN CHANGES. • 1979 LED BY AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI, THE SHAH IS OVERTHROWN AND THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN IS FORMED. • WESTERN INFLUENCES AND PRACTICES WERE STOPPED. WESTERN PEOPLE WERE EXPELLED FROM THE COUNTRY

  14. ISLAMIC REVOLUTION • ALCOHOL OUTLAWED • WOMEN DISCOURAGED AND THEN FORCED TO WEAR LONG BLACK CLOAKS CALLED CHADORS. • SHIITES TAKE CONTROL. • IRAQI RULERS UPSET WITH SHIITE INFLUENCE ATTACK IRAN IN 1980. • GOVERNMENT TODAY IS RUN BY PRESIDENT BUT IS VERY CONSERVATIVE ISLAMIC STATE.

  15. CYPRUS • ISLAND COUNTRY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN • GREEK COLONISTS SETTLED THERE IN 1200’S • ABOUT 80% OF PEOPLE SPEAK GREEK TODAY • 20% HAVE TURKISH ROOTS • SOME WANT TO UNITE CYPRUS WITH GREECE • OTHERS HAVE DECLARED NORTHEASTERN CYPRUS AS PART OF TURKEY CAUSING POLITCAL UNREST.

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