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NR-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence in 5/6 GHz bands

NR-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence in 5/6 GHz bands. Unlicensed Spectrum Growth. 5 GHz Band (United States, Current). FCC is set to propose an expansion of unlicensed access into the 5.9 GHz band Coexistence is crucial: 802.11ac/ax/be, LAA, NR-U, DSRC, and C-V2X may all share this spectrum

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NR-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence in 5/6 GHz bands

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  1. NR-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence in 5/6 GHz bands

  2. Unlicensed Spectrum Growth 5 GHz Band (United States, Current) • FCC is set to propose an expansion of unlicensed access into the 5.9 GHz band • Coexistence is crucial: 802.11ac/ax/be, LAA, NR-U, DSRC, and C-V2X may all share this spectrum • The entire 5 GHz band is being considered for enhanced global access (WRC-19) UNII-1 5470 MHz 5825 MHz 5250 MHz 5725 MHz 5150 MHz 5350 MHz 802.11 channels UNII-4 UNII-2b UNII-3 UNII-2a UNII-2c 5925 MHz Not Yet Available Available Channels

  3. US and Europe Move Forward to AddressWi-Fi Spectrum Shortfall 5 925 MHz 7 125 MHz 6425 MHz UNII-5 UNII-8 UNII-6 UNII-7 6875 MHz 6525 MHz US: 1.2 GHz (under discussion) 24 x 20 MHz 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 5925 - 6425 12 x 40 MHz 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 6 x 80 MHz 80 80 80 80 80 80 59 x 20 MHz 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3 x 160 MHz 29 x 40 MHz 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 160 160 160 40 14 x 80 MHz 80 80 EU: 500 MHz (under discussion) 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 7 x 160 MHz 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 • Both US and Europe are considering to open significant license-exempt bandwidth in the 6 GHz range • 6 GHz (~1.2 GHz) critical to expand the Gbps broadband access to the residential environments

  4. Unlicensed Spectrum Growth: 6 GHz • IEEE and 3GPP technology will populate this band: both need to operate in the context of i) existing incumbent users and ii) equal air time access probability • Coexistence is as critical in 6 GHz as in the 5 GHz Proposed Unlicensed Bands

  5. DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WI-FI Remains a Broadband Workhorse Source: Cisco VNI Global IP Traffic Forecast, 2017-2022 • By 2022: Wi-Fi networks will carry more than 50% of total global IP traffic and nearly 80% of total global IP wireless traffic Wi-Fi networks will remain the workhorse of personal wireless access technology for the foreseeable future.

  6. DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION Cable WI-FI Footprint* • CableLabs members: • Collectively serve more than 135 Million high-speed data subscribers • Wi-Fi supports personal, small, business communications, entertainment, IoT. Source: Company websites, CableLabs member data • No wireless access technology intended for the unlicensed spectra (5/6 GHz) could be defined without considering Wi-Fi. • While these APs are mainly 802.11ac based, they are in course of transitioning to 802.11ax (5/6 GHz) by 2025.

  7. LTE Offload on Wi-Fi networks Wi-Fi Offload %: Proportion of mobile data consumption on Wi-Fi networks • Wi-Fi Offload provides over 3/4th of total data consumed through mobile devices. • A sub-optimal LAA LTE/NR coexistence with Wi-Fi will degrade the mobile to Wi-Fi offloading.

  8. 3GPP – IEEE Communications. Lessons Learned. Goodwill • between the two SDOs during the LTE LAA workshop in 2015*: “... IEEE: would like to see a collaboration to be established between the coexistence group of IEEE 802 and RAN5…” “…RAN Chair: 3GPP is totally open to such interaction and collaboration…” LS exchanges • The LS exchanged between IEEE and 3GPP, on LAA LTE and NR-U, failed to address multiple points of contention. Certification/Test Programs • RAN4 LTE LAA coexistence testing specifications remained optional. • WFA LTE LAA coexistence testing specifications didn’t get a cross industry (mobile-fixed) traction. Agreement on the LTE LAA fairness criterion for coexistence (5 GHz) • However no such criterion was agreed on for the 6 GHz band. Should 3GPP and IEEE continue the unlicensed bands standard developments, without a minimal synchronization: • The Wi-Fi (802.11ac/ax) and LTE LAA/NR-U equipment rolled out in the field may mutually degrade their end-user experience performance. • As the last resort, this may require the intervention of the regulatory bodies. * 3GPP LAA-1509, “Report of 3GPP RAN workshop on Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA)”, Beijing, 08/29/2015

  9. Coexistence Challenge • An NR-U ED Threshold of -72 dBm would severely degrade more than 90% of the UL Wi-Fi STA traffic • Wi-Fi: -62 (Energy Detection) and -82dBm (Preamble Detection) thresholds • LAA LTE: an unique -72dBm ED threshold A common (e.g. 802.11) preamble provides the optimal coexistence support between 802.11 and 3GPP technologies * 5 GHz major East Coast City Wi-Fi 5 GHz network (17410 public outdoor APs). Data acquired by a CableLabs member for a duration of 7 days.

  10. Way Forward • Require the 802.11 preamble for NR-U (5/6 GHz) • Re-using an unique NR-U -72 dBm ED threshold, would effectively severely impair the performance of the coexisting UL STA Wi-Fi traffic. • Specify a new fairness criterion for 6 GHz • Without a jointly agreed 6 GHz fairness criterion (e.g. equal air time access), the 6 GHz NR-U specs development would remain challenging. • Setup a small joint tiger team representing both SDOs to address the challenges impacting the existing and the future unlicensed bands such as: • Pro-actively drive the LS process to accelerate the communications between the SDOs.

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