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Explore ethical concerns in medical research regarding treatment efficacy, volunteer safety, and scientific skepticism. Understand the importance of proper testing in drug development.
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Preview • Science Concepts • Math Skills • Using Science Graphics • Writing Skills
1. A scientist is investigating a new treatment for a disease that affects thousands of people. Many people with this disease volunteer to be part of her study. Which of the following is an ethical concern that the scientist must address before conducting her study? • A. The scientist must ensure that the treatment will be effective. • B. The scientist must ensure that the study’s results will not be shared with other scientists. • C. The scientist must inform the volunteers about the potential dangers of participating in the study. • D. The scientist must demonstrate the treatment on him or herself.
1. A scientist is investigating a new treatment for a disease that affects thousands of people. Many people with this disease volunteer to be part of her study. Which of the following is an ethical concern that the scientist must address before conducting her study? • A. The scientist must ensure that the treatment will be effective. • B. The scientist must ensure that the study’s results will not be shared with other scientists. • C. The scientist must inform the volunteers about the potential dangers of participating in the study. • D. The scientist must demonstrate the treatment on him or herself.
2. Which of the following is an example of scientific skepticism? F. A scientist investigates how a universal law affects many different fields of study. G. A scientist falsely claims to have discovered a cure for diabetes. H. A scientist conducts an experiment that supports the conclusions of another scientist. J. A scientist questions another scientist’s conclusions and develops an experiment to test an alternate hypothesis.
2. Which of the following is an example of scientific skepticism? F. A scientist investigates how a universal law affects many different fields of study. G. A scientist falsely claims to have discovered a cure for diabetes. H. A scientist conducts an experiment that supports the conclusions of another scientist. J. A scientist questions another scientist’s conclusions and develops an experiment to test an alternate hypothesis.
3. The strength of a light microscope is determined by multiplying the strength of the eye piece by the strength of the objective lens. Light microscopes often have several objective lenses. Suppose a microscope has an eye piece that magnifies by 10, and two objective lenses, one that magnifies by 10 and one that magnifies by 40. Calculate the total magnification using both objective lenses with the eye piece.
3.To calculate the total magnification of each lens pair, multiply the magnification of the eyepiece and the magnification of the objective lens. 10 x 10 = 100 10 x 40 = 400
4. In which of the following rooms does an owl strike a target most accurately? A. dark room B. light room C. heated room D. dark and lighted room
4. In which of the following rooms does an owl strike a target most accurately? A. dark room B. light room C. heated room D. dark and lighted room
5. Which of the following terms most accurately reflects the use of the term “theory” in the newspaper headline? F. law G. fact H. hypothesis J. experiment
5. Which of the following terms most accurately reflects the use of the term “theory” in the newspaper headline? F. law G. fact H. hypothesis J. experiment
6. Write a short paragraph that expresses your opinion on the following statement: “The lengthy drug-approval process costs hundreds of lives every year. Doctors have a moral obligation to provide potentially life-saving drugs to patients with terminal diseases even if the drugs have not been scientifically tested.”
6. Answers will vary, but should reflect a well-reasoned thought process. Proper testing of drugs before human use is an important part of ethical medical research.
