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AP English Language

AP English Language. Grammar Intensive Phrases Review. A group of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or pronoun [at the post office] [to school] The noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional phrase is called the object of the preposition

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AP English Language

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  1. AP English Language Grammar Intensive Phrases Review

  2. A group of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or pronoun • [at the post office] [to school] • The noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional phrase is called the object of the preposition • Don’t be misled by a modifier coming after the noun/pronoun Prepositional Phrases

  3. Prepositional phrases used as adjectives • Usually follows the word it modifies • More than one adjective phrase can modify the same noun/pronoun • Sometimes an adjective phrase can modify the object of a previous prep phrase • Some frogs produce a poison [from glands] [in their skin] Adjective Phrase

  4. Prepositional phrases used as an adverb to tell when, where, in what way (how), or to what extent. • Modifies a verb, adjective or adverb • May appear anywhere in sentences • More than one adverb phrase can modify the same word Adverb Phrase

  5. VERB: The book was written [in the 1800’s]. • ADJ: [In a short time], the book became popular. • ADV: Twain became famous early [in his career]. • [During his youth], Twain worked [as a newspaper writer]. Adverb Phrase - continued

  6. Appositive: a noun or pronoun placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or explain it • Appositive phrase: an appositive and its modifiers • Your friend [Ramla] called after you left. • Jesse Sheng, [the vice president of the bank], sent me a card. Appositive Phrase

  7. A verb form that can be used as an adjective – present and past • Present: ends in –ing • Past: usually end in –ed or –d • The pacing lion made me nervous. • The hunted animal camouflaged itself. Participles

  8. A phrase containing a participle and any complements or modifiers it may have • [Removing his coat], Jack rushed to the river. • [Hesitating for a moment], he quickly grasped the situation. • High school graduates [replying to a college questionnaire about their courses] often mention freshman English as the course [giving them the most trouble]. Participial Phrases

  9. A verb form that is used as a noun • Ends in –ing • Gerund phrase consists of a gerund and all of the related words • Test: try replacing the gerund/phrase with “it” or “this”… if it works, it’s a gerund! • Studying always makes Trevor hungry. • My favorite pastime is sailing. • Ada made reading a top priority. • [Waiting on tables] is a good way to earn money in the summer. Gerunds and Gerund Phrases

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