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The ATLAS Experiment

The ATLAS Experiment. October 3th. What infinetely s mall particles tell us about our infin itely big Universe. McGill University - ATLAS Group. What is particle Physics?. Studying the smallest constituents of matter and how they interact with each other What for?

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The ATLAS Experiment

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  1. The ATLAS Experiment October 3th What infinetely small particles tell us about our infinitely big Universe McGill University - ATLAS Group

  2. What is particle Physics? Studying the smallest constituents of matter and how they interact with each other What for? • Find clues to understand our Universe • What is it made of? • Understand its past and birth • Unify forces in an universal theory We are here!

  3. How to classify everything that we see?

  4. Mendeleev Periodic Table

  5. From atoms to quarks Thomson, 1897 Discovery of electron Chadwick, 1932 Discovery of neutron Rutherford, 1909-1911 Existence of a nucleus Gell-Manm & Zweil, early 60s Postulate existence of quarks

  6. The Standard Model of particles Pauli, 1930 Postulate existence of neutrino neutrino (very very small mass)

  7. How is this holding together? FORCES! 4 fundamental forces (interactions) in our Universe: Mass Electric Charge Colour Charge Weak Charge

  8. How does it works? Gauge Bosons In the Standard Model, the forces are mediated bya force carrier particle: the Gauge Boson • Electromagnetism: photon • Weak force: Z, W • Strong force: gluon • Gravity: graviton

  9. The Standard Model of particles Who’s that guy?

  10. Rolling in the Higgs • The Higgs mechanism provides mass to the particles of the Standard Model. • ATLAS and CMS announced discovery in July 2013 Tiny little bump here!

  11. Particles factories Problem: Funny particles (like the Higgs) are rare. To increase the chance of seing them, create a tremendous amount of particles. Solution: Take low mass particles, give them lots of energy and collide them to create heavy unstable particles. (E= mc2) Challenge: looking for a needle in a haystack!

  12. The LHC at CERN • 100 m underground • 27 km in circumference • 40M collisions/s ATLAS LHCb CMS ALICE

  13. The ATLAS detector • 7000 tons • 45m long, 35m high • 170 universities and institutes • 35 countries • 3000 people beam pipe proton bunch

  14. The ATLAS collaboration University of Alberta University of British Columbia Carleton University McGill University Université de Montréal University of Regina Simon Fraser University University of Toronto TRIUMF University of Victoria York University

  15. Detectors Particles produced during the collision must be detected. • Onion shape apparatus • Each layer detects one type of particles • Possible to understand what type of collision happened

  16. Data recording and storage The detection information is processed and stored by computers all over the world • Sort through 40M collision/s • Record ~ 400 that we find promising ~10TB/day

  17. Scientific and technological headways Atoms, electrons Electricity Transistors Computers World Wide Web Origin and composition of the Universe

  18. Conclusion • Still a lot to discover! • Much phenomena remains unexplained to date (Does dark matter do exist? What is it made from? What about gravity?) Find more information on: www.atlas.ch

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