Chapter 19 Study Notes: The Ocean Basins

1. Chapter 19 Study Notes: The Ocean Basins

2. 1 • A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. • continental • shelf

3. 2 • A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. • surrounded • sea.

4. 3 • A _______ is made up of minerals. • nodule.

5. 4 • A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. • core • sample.

6. 5 • Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. • margins

7. 6 • __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. • Convergent • trenches.

8. 7 • _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. • Drilling ships, • sonar, • bathyscaphs

9. 8 • Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. • ¾ th’s • surface.

10. 9 • _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. • Erosion • submarine

11. 10 • Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. • mid- • ocean • below

12. 11 • Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. • thinnest • abyssal

13. 12 • Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. • 97% • oceans.

14. 13 • Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. • sonar • depth

15. 14 • ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. • Seamounts • hot • spots.

16. 15 • _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of________ _________. • Sediments • turbidity • currents.

17. 16 • ________________ stands for “SOund ______________________ And Ranging”. • SONAR • Navigation

18. 17 • _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. • Sonar

19. 18 • The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. • shelf • gentle

20. 19 • The _____ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. • deepest • Pacific.

21. 20 • The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. • deepest • trench.

22. 21 • The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. • sonar • sound.

23. 22 • The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. • flattest • abyssal

24. 23 • The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. • Mariana • Trench

25. 24 • The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. • mid- • ocean • above

26. 25 • To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a _____________________. • bathysphere.

27. In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages 476-477 so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following:

28. continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, trench, mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plain