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Alcohol and Nutrition

Beverages. Liver. Excretion. Alcohol and Nutrition. Absorption. Metabolism. Malnutrition. Nutrition Facts. University Use. Short-term Effects. Long-term Effects. Quiz. Brain. Liver Deterioration. Alcohol in Beverages. Each of these servings equals one drink. Alcohol in the Stomach.

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Alcohol and Nutrition

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  1. Beverages Liver Excretion Alcohol and Nutrition Absorption Metabolism Malnutrition Nutrition Facts University Use Short-term Effects Long-term Effects Quiz Brain Liver Deterioration

  2. Alcohol in Beverages Each of these servings equals one drink

  3. Alcohol in the Stomach • 20% absorbed immediately in empty stomach • Food slows absorption • Enzyme: Alcohol Dehydrogenase- decreases amount of alcohol entering the blood by 20%

  4. Alcohol in the Liver • Processes one drink per hour or ½ oz. of ethanol • Alcohol makes the biggest impact on the liver

  5. Alcohol Metabolism NAD+ NADH + H+ NAD+ NADH + H+ Alcohol (ethanol) Acetyl CoA Acetaldehyde Acetate Alcohol dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase CoA • High concentration of acetaldehyde to brain and other tissues are responsible for many of the damaging effects

  6. Liver Deterioration • Fatty Liver • Accumulation of fat • Fibrosis • Cells: • lose their function • characteristics of connective tissue cells • Cirrhosis • Cells: • die • permanently lose their function Cirrhosis

  7. Excretion of Alcohol • Alcohol is not digested nor chemically changed in the blood stream • Amount of alcohol in breath and urine proportional to amount still in bloodstream

  8. Alcohol’s Effects on the Brain • 0.05- Impaired judgment, relaxed inhibitions, altered heart rate • 0.10- Impaired coordination, delayed reaction time, exaggerated emotions, impaired peripheral vision, impaired ability to operate a vehicle • 0.15- Slurred speech, blurred vision, staggered walk, seriously impaired coordination and judgment • 0.20- Double vision, inability to walk • 0.30- Uninhibited behavior, confusion, inability to comprehend • 0.40 to 0.60- Unconsciousness, shock, coma, death (cardiac or respiratory failure)

  9. Nutrition Facts • Contributes to fat storage in central region aka “Beer Belly” • 7 kcal/gram • Recommendation: Not more than two drinks/day for average-size man; one drink/day for average-size woman

  10. Alcohol & Malnutrition • Primary Malnutrition- alcohol displaces food • Secondary Malnutrition-alcohol interferes with digestion and absorption of nutrients Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome- Thiamin deficiency

  11. Alcohol’s Short-Term Effects • Binge Drinking (4+ or 5+ drinks) • Alcohol Poisoning • Alcohol consumption: • Suicide (33%) • Homicide (50%) • Accidents (50%) • DE (2002) DE (2007) -> 51 fatalities 19 fatalities • Violence (Robbery, rape, assault) • Victim of crime • Injury (falls, drownings, fire)

  12. Alcohol’s Long-Term Effects • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Liver Disease • Kidney Disease • Heart Disease • Cancer

  13. University Use • Students drink 4 billion cans of beer yearly • 360,000 of 12 million undergraduates will die from alcohol-related causes while in school • Nearly ½ of college students are binge drinkers • Average student spends $900 per year on alcohol (books $450/year)

  14. Quiz • What is considered one drink? • 10 oz. beer • 6 oz. glass of wine • 1 ½ oz. hard liquor • 8 oz. wine cooler • What is Delaware’s Blood Alcohol Concentration Limit? • .20 • .05 • .10 • .08 3. What is the approximate BAC when a person has slurred speech, staggered walk & blurred vision? A. .30 B. .15 C. .10 D. .05 Answers: 1. C 2. D 3. B

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