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Learning Theories

Learning Theories. Eddie Benitez # 0090058. Learning Theories. What is learning theory? Two types of learning theories and their respective theorists. Behaviorism & Ivan Pavlov Cognitivism & Wilhelm Wundt Learning theories impact on teaching/learning Evaluate each theory on adult education.

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Learning Theories

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  1. Learning Theories Eddie Benitez# 0090058

  2. Learning Theories • What is learning theory? • Two types of learning theories and their respective theorists.Behaviorism & Ivan PavlovCognitivism & Wilhelm Wundt • Learning theories impact on teaching/learning • Evaluate each theory on adult education

  3. What is learning theory? • It is an understood thinking of how people and animals learn. • There are three main categories of learning theories. • Behavior • Cognitive • Constructive • We will speak about the first two categories, along with their respective theorists.

  4. Behaviorism(Learning Perspective)

  5. Behaviorism(Learning Perspective) • A repeated behavior pattern that a person or animal does that becomes an automatic behavior. • Behavior is shaped through positive or negative reinforcements • Ivan Pavlov a key player in the development of behaviorism

  6. Ivan Pavlov • Russian- born September 14, 1849 death February 27, 1936 • Awarded Nobel Prize 1904 pertaining to the digestive system. • Described a form of learning by classical conditioning. • Most famous for his experiment with dogs.

  7. Pavlov’s Dogs • Pavlov’s experiment summary: • Dogs salivate when food was given to them, a bell was struck when the dogs were fed. • The dogs learned to associate the sound of the bell with food. • After a while, the mere sound of the bell, the dogs would salivate.

  8. Cognitivism

  9. Cognitivism • It is an internal, active, creative process. • Uses memory to help translate new information into a form that is meaningful and retrievable. • Memory involves three processes: • Attention, Encoding, Retrieval • Wilhelm Wundt considered father of cognitive psychology.

  10. Wilhelm Wundt • German born August 16, 1832 death August 31, 1920 • Founded one of first formal laboratories for psychology research at the University of Leipzig • Laboratory used to explore nature of religious beliefs, identify mental disorders, abnormal behavior and map damaged areas of the human brain.

  11. Wundt model • His approach made psychology a true science. • Through his scientific experiments added alkaline and metallic tastes, to what in the 18th century considered then only 4 basic tastes; sour, sweet, bitter and salty. • During his lifetime, Wundt wrote more than 54,000 pages of research and theory and trained psychologists.

  12. Impact on teaching/learning • Behaviorism - GOMS model (Card, Moran, and Newell) . It is a human information processing model that predicts what skilled users will do in seemingly unpredictable situations. • It can be used with computers to help determine other methods of instructions to tasks that are done in an inefficient manner.

  13. Impact on teaching/learning • Cognitivism- models with concern to the internal mental processes of the mind and how it could be used in effective learning. • The transfer of knowledge was made more efficient and effective by breaking down a task into smaller steps to find the best way for learners to become skilled at the task

  14. Evaluate Behaviorism in adult education • Theory had six components for behavior modification. • It was a one-dimensional approach to behavior, it overlooked mind activity. • Behaviorism was replaced by Cognitivism , which focused on mental activities.

  15. Evaluate Cognitivism in adult education • Gregorc Style Delineator –Perception/Ordering based methods • Four concepts based on the quality of either concrete or abstract with both having sequential and random methods. • These methods have been proven to provide increased learning

  16. References • LottaFredholm (May 15, 2001) Pavlov’s Dog.Retrieved June 26, 2009 from http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html • Learning Theories Knowledgebase (2009, June). at Learning-Theories.com. Retrieved June 27th, 2009 from http://www.learning-theories.com • Wikipedia contributors(June 19,2009) Wilhelm Wundt Retrieved June 26, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Wundt • Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago (November 12, 2008) Dr. Wilhelm Wundt Retrieved June 27th, 2009 from http://www.uic.edu/depts/mcne/founders/page0104.html • Learning Theories Knowledgebase (2009, June). GOMS Model (Card, Moran, and Newell) at Learning-Theories.com. Retrieved June 27th, 2009 from http://www.learning-theories.com/goms-model-card-moran-and-newell.html • Dr. Robert Ouellette (June 23, 2000) Learning Styles in Adult Education Retrieved June 27th, 2009 from http://polaris.umuc.edu/~rouellet/learnstyle/learnstyle.htm • Wikipedia contributors(n.d.) Behaviorist Orientation Retrieved June 26, 2009 from http://adulteducation.wikibook.us/index.php?title=Behaviorist_Orientation

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