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Bolometer Group

Through the thorns to the stars! Igenom törnen mot stjärnorna! Через тернии к звездам !. Bolometer Group. Chalmers University of Technology. P5. Cold-Electron Bolometer Array (CEB Array) made by E-Beam Lithography and a Shadow Evaporation Technology. Leonid Kuzmin and Ian Agulo. FKA190.

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Bolometer Group

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  1. Through the thorns to the stars! Igenom törnen mot stjärnorna! Через тернии к звездам! Bolometer Group Chalmers University of Technology P5. Cold-Electron Bolometer Array (CEB Array) made by E-Beam Lithography and a Shadow Evaporation Technology Leonid Kuzmin and Ian Agulo FKA190

  2. Bolometer Group Chalmers University of Technology Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer with JFET readout for OLIMPO balloon telescope Leonid Kuzmin, Philip Mauskopf *, and Dmitry Golubev** *Cardiff University, UK **Karlsruhe Forschungszentrum, Germany EUCAS -2005

  3. 3-layer technology JFET Voltage- biased SCEB OLIMPO Cardiff 2-layer Al-Ti Direct Write technology CEB- Series array JFET Current -biased 2-layer Ti-Al Direct Write technology CEB CLOVER + others Oxford SQUID Shadow Evaporation Technology CEB- Parallel array • CLOVER • Phase Switch • Oxford, • Cardiff NbN Nanostrip + Finline

  4. Balloon telescope OLIMPO(follower of BOOMERanG) • a multi-wavelength survey of galaxy clusters and the cosmic submm/mm background • 2.6 meter antenna • A few arcmin resolution survey of the sky • 150, 220 350, 600 GHz (Background load Po = 3 - 20 pW • Background limited bolometers (2*10-17 – 1*10-16 W/Hz1/2), • 64 bolom. per channel • Bolometers: TES+SQUID readout SiN+JFET readout CEB+JFET (or SQUID) readout • Rome Un., Cardiff Un., IROE-CNR (Italy), Caltech (USA), Santa Barbara Un. , DAFNIA/SPP (France), Tel Aviv Un., VTT (finland), Chalmers Univ.

  5. Balloon telescope OLIMPO • 1. Channel I: ”2.1 mm” (140 GHz) • Power load is relatively high: P0 = 2 – 3 pW • Photon noise: • Total NEP of CEB should be less than photon noise: NEPtot < NEPphot. • Single CEB doesn’t give proper results. • Only SCEB could give the proper NEP.

  6. Cold-Electron Bolometer (CEB) with Capacitive Coupling to the Antenna Kuzmin – ISSTT-98

  7. Readout Systems for CEB current measurements

  8. CEB with JFET

  9. Cold-Electron Bolometer Noise

  10. JFET amplifier noise We need matching with

  11. Capacitively Coupled Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer (SCEB) L. Kuzmin, Microelectronic Engineering, 69 (2003)

  12. SCEB with JFET Total NEP is less than NEPphot for SCEB, total iJFET=10 fA/Hz1/2, R=0.5 kOhm and 0.1 kOhm (one junction), Vol=0.05um3, power load – 2 pW. IV curves are shown for estimation of high dynamic resistance of the junctions.

  13. Series Array of CEBs with JFET readout Circle waveguide is coupled to 4 coplanar lines Each Coplanar line is coupled to 2 CEBs

  14. CEB, Current-biased, Array - 10 junctions Total NEP is less than NEPphot vJFET=2nV/Hz1/2 R=0.5 kOhm (one junction), Vol=0.02um3, power load=2 pW The power is split between bolometers and responsivity is considerably improved.

  15. Total NEP of CEB and NEPphot for series array CEBs in dependence on number of CEBs a) 600 GHz, power load P0 = 20 pW, vJFET=3 nV/Hz1/2 R=0.5 kOhm Vol=0.05um3 Optimal number of CEBs = 20-50. b) 140 GHz, power load P0 = 2 pW, vJFET=2 nV/Hz1/2 R=0.5 kOhm Vol=0.02um3. Optimal number of CEBs = 5-10.

  16. JFET in current-biased mode. Variants: • Series array of CEBs • Array of SINIS structures without biasing • Array of SN – NS Andreev contacts –thermo-voltage without biasing • Array of thermocouples (thermo-pile) • Combination of thermocouples and superconducting islands (SN Andreev contacts) • Array of CEBs – series for DC - parallel for HF

  17. Series Array of CEBs with JFET readout Parallel for HF HF

  18. Conclusions New generation of detectors is needed to measure Cosmic Microwave Background (OLIMPO project) Cold-Electron Bolometer (CEB) with JFET readout –very attractive option! Single CEB with JFET – no chance! Array of CEBs with JFET – the most attractive opportunity SCEB (Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer) with JFET – realistic and effective decision

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