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Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception. Sensation Perception. Bottom-up Processing Top-down Processing. Sensation. Psychophysics study of the relationship between the physical characteristics of stimuli and our psychological experience of them What intensity does a stimulus have to be to detect.

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Sensation and Perception

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  1. Sensation and Perception • Sensation • Perception • Bottom-up Processing • Top-down Processing

  2. Sensation • Psychophysics • study of the relationship between the physical characteristics of stimuli and our psychological experience of them • What intensity does a stimulus have to be to detect. • How sensitive are we to changing stimuli.

  3. Theories of Sensation • Recognition Threshold Theory • the stimulus must reach a certain level before it is recognized and reacted to

  4. Theories of Sensation • Recognition Threshold Theory • Absolute Threshold • minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time

  5. Theories of Sensation • Difference Threshold • Also called “just noticeable difference” (JND) • Weber’s (vay-bers) Law • to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion (percentage) rather than a constant amount • light intensity- 8% • weight- 2% • tone frequency- 0.3%

  6. Subliminal Sensation & Perception • The perception of below threshold stimulus without awareness. • Evidence does not demonstrate that subliminal persuasion is possible. • “Much of our information processing occurs automatically, out of sight, off the radar screen of our conscious minds”

  7. Theories of Sensation • Signal Detection Theory • assumes there are no thresholds • holds that response detection involves two things • Sensory process • Decision process • Involves • selective attention • response bias

  8. Sensation • Sensory Adaptation • Sensory Deprivation • Sensory Overload

  9. Sensation • Sensory Interaction • Smell + Tecture + Taste = Flavor

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