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POWER

POWER. Academic Discipline and Profession. Criteria of a Discipline: A branch of learning . A particular focus of attention A unique body of knowledge A particular mode of inquiry History and public recognition Conceptual structure Accurate language Research: A Search for the “Truth”.

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POWER

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  1. POWER

  2. Academic Discipline and Profession

  3. Criteria of a Discipline: A branch of learning • A particular focus of attention • A unique body of knowledge • A particular mode of inquiry • History and public recognition • Conceptual structure • Accurate language • Research: A Search for the “Truth”

  4. Conceptual Structure

  5. History of Sport

  6. Accurate Language • H2O • CO2 • AU • CL • % • Sport

  7. Sociology • A discipline that describes and explains human social organizations. It tries to understand human behavior. • Objectives of a discipline (value free- scientific approach): • 1. Describe • 2. Explain • 3. Predict

  8. Research Methods ( Nixon, 2008) Method Qualitative- Quantitative Quantitative Both Qualitative • Experiment ( control over variables, hypotheses) • Social survey ( Collect large data sets , inferences about cause and effect) • Field study ( rich data, social patterns)

  9. Sociology: Analysis • Micro Level (small groups): teams, clubs, fraternities: topics include; leadership, management theory, group theory. • Macro Level -institutions: how we act in any given situation: Status (social position- class) Roles (behavior expectations)

  10. Theory: Tool of Science • Offers a conceptual scheme • Summarizes facts into generalizations • Predicts facts and points to gaps in our knowledge

  11. Characteristics of a Profession • Activities that are beneficial to “mankind” • Demands intensive training and education • Structured to control its membership • Maintain a code of ethics or standards of conduct • Centered around an organized association

  12. P.E., Sociology, and Sociology of Sport: Points of Intersection (Sage,1997) • Rise of Physical Education: North America • Hetherington(1910) : New Physical Education- emphasis on education. • Wood and Hetherington, “social development”: games and sport impact on social living (ie. Education through the physical)

  13. Sage, 1997 • Social and Educational Theories Adopted by Physical Educators. • Schools: Place where students learn norms, values and customs of American culture. • Study of Sociology of Sport by Physical Educators ( mid 1960-70’s). • Henry (1964): “ Physical Education : An Academic Discipline” argued there is a scholarly field of knowledge to P.E.( history, psychology, sociology, physiology).

  14. Sage, 1997 • Sport Sociology in Physical Education publications: • International Review for the Sociology of Sport • Quest • Sociology of Sport Journal • Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

  15. Sociology of Sport: Academic Discipline?! • Sport Sociology- The Early Years! (prior to 1960’s). • 25 years of the International Review For the Sociology of Sport (Heinemann & Preuss,1990). • IRSS founded in 1966 (605 authors,36 countries-30% socialist countries, 30% Western Europe, 30% USA). • Review from 1966- 1989

  16. IRSS Trends • IRSS dominated by male authors • Trend for multiple authors: 2,3,4 • 75% of the articles are based on systematically obtained and evaluated data. • Interviews : prefer method form of research. Since 1986, more content analysis, documents, secondary data. • 86% Theory based

  17. Towards a Sociology Of Physical Activity: Kinesiology • Silos and Bunkers • Common Agendas in the Field (Newell,2007) • Education, sport and health • Research: motor development. Psychology of Sport, Sport Management ,etc. • Physical Activity Categories: exercise, sport

  18. Body of Knowledge: Kinesiology Inter discipline Knowledge Physical Activity Lifespan Development Professions of Physical Activity Newell, 2007

  19. Applied Research

  20. Discussion: Applied Research • Sport Sociology • Sport Psychology • Sport Management • Athletic Coaching Education • Athletic Training • Physical Education Teacher Education

  21. Summary • Academic Discipline vs. Profession • Macro and Micro Level of Analysis • Sociology • Sociology of Physical Activity • Applied Research

  22. Resources • Sociology of Sport Journal • Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport • Quest • Journal of Sport Behavior • Journal of Sport and Social Issues • Review of Sport and Leisure • Review of Sport and Leisure • JOHPERD

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