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Maritime Challenges

Maritime Challenges. Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5 Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK. NATO UNCLASSIFIED. AU’s Tasks and Objectives Approaches to the Objectives How to do it NATO Counter Piracy as one Example Situational Awareness around Africa Information Sharing. Content.

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Maritime Challenges

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  1. Maritime Challenges Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5 Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  2. AU’s Tasks and Objectives Approaches to the Objectives How to do it NATO Counter Piracy as one Example Situational Awareness around Africa Information Sharing Content NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  3. The Global Maritime Environment and the World Trade “Whosoever commands the trade of the world, commands the riches of the world and hence the world itself.” Sir Walter Raleigh 1554-1618 NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  4. Establish interoperable Maritime HQs in order to improve maritime situational awareness and increase effectiveness of law enforcement agencies. Assumed Objective of African Union’s efforts: “improve African maritime Security and Safety standards as well as African maritime economy for more wealth creation from its oceans and seas” (Draft Strategy p. 11 para 9.) • AU Maritime Tasks and Objective NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  5. Surveillance Information sharing Action • Approaches to the Objectives Can you spot the threat?

  6. How to do it? • Watch: • AIS • Coastal Radar • Patrols (Ships and Aircraft) • Information from ports and Flag States (ISPS, LRIT) • Information from other agencies (police, customs,...) • Internet Services (“Web scraping”) • Cooperate and share: Reports from merchant community: • Voluntary reporting of own movements • Reports of suspicious behaviour/incidents • Fuse the different pieces into one common picture in a maritime HQ. NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  7. AIS Deficiencies • AIS only provides data from vessels above 300ts. • Illegal activities are mostly carried by small vessels. • Ships can easily switch off the system. • Anomaly investigation still be needed. NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  8. NATO Counter piracy: one example • The Indian Ocean averages approx 5000 merchants • Data sources available until 4Q 2010: • Voluntary reporting via UK MTO • Reports from units • = A very poor Picture • Additions as of Jan 2011: • Satellite based AIS • LRIT data from Panama • LRIT data from IMO • = 3500 tracks, • 70% coverageand a lot better information NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  9. Situational Awareness around Africa NATO Active Endeavour • World Trade • 90% of global trade volume by sea • 10,000 cargo destinations • 50.000 ocean going ships • 95% of maritime trade travels through 9 chokepoints Combined Counter piracy OPS NATO UNCLASSIFIED 9

  10. Understand each player’s own capacities and roles Coast Guard and Navy, Police and Customs, who does what? Make info sharing possible Legal agreements need to be in place for info sharing 3. Liaise with existing players Some information is already available (ISPS, Active Endeavour, UKMTO, MERCURY...) Key Issues for info sharing NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  11. Info sharing: other remarks • How much to share • Policy towards sharing • Categories of information • Sharing information across security domains (police/states) • Developing and maintaining metadata standards and registries • Establishment of priorities (Who gets what first?) NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  12. Running a system of HQs • Strategy • Doctrine • Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) • Training • Linkage between HQ and with Agencies NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  13. Summary • In order to act, one needs to know what is going on. • In order to know what is going on, one can use the many sources of information that are already existing. • In order to share information, legal and organizational issues are most important. • Then one can take action ! NATO UNCLASSIFIED

  14. Thanks for your attention.Questions? Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5 Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK NATO UNCLASSIFIED

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