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Exploring Mars and Earth Contrasts

Dive into the differences between Mars and Earth, from size to temperature range. Discover breathtaking Martian landscapes like Candor Chasma and Valle Marineris through images and scientific data. Unravel the fascinating history of ALH84001 rock, potentially offering insights into Martian life. Acknowledge contributions from NASA, NSF, JPL, and researchers in this captivating journey.

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Exploring Mars and Earth Contrasts

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  1. Mars Yuk Yung 3-14-05

  2. Earth: • 13,000 km diameter • 150 million km from sun • 365 days in year • 24 hours in day • -88 deg C to +58 deg C temp range • 1000 mb surface pressure • 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen Mars: • 7,000 km diameter • 1.5 AU from sun • 687 Earth-day year • 24 hour, 37 minute sol (Mars day) • -127 deg C to 17 deg C temp range • 7 mb surface pressure • 95% carbon dioxide atmosphere

  3. Altitude (Km) Number Density (cm-3)

  4. Candor Chasma,Valles Marineris MGS Photograph Qaidam Basin, China SRTM Shaded Relief

  5. Mars MGS photograph; 43.2°N Lat, 90.6°W Long, in Tempe Terra Afar Triangle, Ethiopia SRTM Shaded Relief

  6. Martian Crater on Elysium Planitia MGS Photograph Bosumtwi Crater, Ghana, Africa SRTM shaded relief

  7. Gusev Crater, Mars Cerro Armazones, Chile

  8. Meridiani Planum San Gabriel Mountains

  9. MSG MOC Image of “delta”system within Holden Crater on Mars (Malin et al, Science 2003) Lena Delta in Siberia (NASA Scientific Data Purchase/Landsat 7)

  10. A Brief History of ALH84001 • 4.5 Gy ago: Igneous rock (orthopyroxenite) which accumulated in a magma chamber on Mars. Oldest known rock from ANY planet! • From 4.5 – 4.0 Gy: Suffered several shocks, probably from asteroid or comet impacts, formed mm-thick, cataclastic “granular bands” at high temperature. • ~4.0 Gy ago: Major shock event brecciated it, rotated fragments, but did not heat it.

  11. A Brief History of ALH84001, cont’d • ~4.0 Gy ago: Carbonate blebs formed in cracks by low-T precipitation events. (Aqueous, followed by at least 1 shock.) • 15 Myr ago: Blasted off of Mars into space by another impact • ~11,000 years ago: After wandering through space, landed on Antarctic Ice sheet. • ~500 years ago, exposed at surface in Allan Hills.

  12. Was this Martian ever alive??!!

  13. So what do the magnetite crystals in ALH84001 actually look like?(Thomas-Keprta K.L., Bazylinski D.A., Kirschvink J.L., Clemett S.J., McKay D.S., Wentworth S.J., Vali H., Gibson E.K., Jr., and Romanek, C.S. Elongated Prismatic Magnetite Crystals in ALH84001 Carbonate Globules:Potential Martian Magnetofossils. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta64 (23), 4049-4081, 2000)

  14. E(0) = 2.5 ev or 7km/s

  15. Acknowledgements • NASA • NSF • JPL • Diane Michelangeli • Chris Parkinson • Yung’s Caltech Research group

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