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Explore the processes shaping Earth's weather systems, from climate zones determined by latitude to the impact of air masses meeting at fronts like cold and warm. Learn how bodies of water influence temperature and moisture levels.
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Meteorology • the atmospheric conditions and weather of an area.
Learning Goal • To understand the processes acting on the Earth and their interaction with the Earth systems
Earth has three major climate zones. These zones are determined by latitude, or their position on Earth in relation to the equator
Bodies of Water • Lakes help moderate the temperatures on the land • The nearby water causes an increase in moisture in the air, so in the winter these areas experience heavy snowfall. Lake Effect Snow
Air Mass A large body of air that has the same temperature and level of humidity throughout. cool air masses: where the land temperature is cool warm air masses: form over the land that is warm. dry air masses: form over dry areas wet air masses: form over wet areas like oceans.
Fronts When air masses meet, a boundary called a front is formed, preventing the masses from mixing. • Two different types of air masses do not mix, because of the different densities • Warm is less dense than cold air. • When warm air and cold air meet, warm air will rise above cold air.
Cold Front • Cold Front: What is it? At the cold front, the cold air cuts underneath the warm air and forces the warm air up a much steeper angle. At cold fonts the air is cooled quickly and forms a narrow band of thick cumulonimbus clouds. These produce heavy rain, snow or precipitation.
Cold Fronts bring: • Heavy rains • Thunderstorms • Sometimes snow
Warm Front • A warm air mass moves up and over a cold air mass. Rainy, drizzly weather. Often followed by clear, warm weather Direction of Front Warm Air Cold Air Mass
Occluded Front • Two cold air masses move toward each other, warmer air between is pushed up and brings cool temperatures, plenty of rain and snow. Warm Air Cold Air Mass Cold Air Mass
Stationary Front • When a warm and cold air mass meets, but neither has enough energy to push against each other. Many days of overcast, rainy weather Cold Air Mass Warm Air
Cold Front: A cold air mass moves under a warm air mass & pushes the warm air upward. .Cold fronts bring heavy rain and thunderstorms and cold weather. Warm front: forms when warm air bumps with colder air. This front brings rainy, drizzly weather, often followed by warm, clear weather . Occluded front: forms when a warm air mass is caught between two cold air masses. This brings cool temperatures and lots of rain and snow. Stationary front: occurs when a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet.. This brings many days of overcast and rainy weather.
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