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The Big Dig

The Big Dig. Theme 3, Unit 2, Lesson 2. Archaeological Excavation. Slide 2. Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2. The systematic removal, recording, conservation and interpretation of features and artefacts buried in the ground. Systematic: An ordered process from start to finish

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The Big Dig

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  1. The Big Dig Theme 3, Unit 2, Lesson 2

  2. Archaeological Excavation Slide 2 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 The systematic removal, recording, conservation and interpretation of features and artefacts buried in the ground • Systematic: An ordered process from start to finish • Removal: The ‘dig’ part of the process • Recording: Drawings, plans, photographs, forms, labels etc • Conservation: Conserving and storing the ‘finds’ • Interpretation: Making sense of what was found

  3. Slide 3 Possible Archaeological Feature Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Discovery: Archaeologists Monitoring Removal of Topsoil

  4. Slide 4 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 ‘Cleaning-Back’

  5. Slide 5 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Site Survey Setting Out a Survey Grid

  6. Slide 6 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Pre-Excavation Drawing

  7. Slide 7 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Context Numbers The basic procedure for recording is using context numbers Every individual feature recognised after the ‘cleaning-back’ stage is given a unique context number Each one of its component features- as recognised by the archaeologist excavating it- is also given a unique context number

  8. Slide 8 Medieval Iron Age Bronze Age Neolithic Mesolithic Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Stratigraphy

  9. Slide 9 Trowel Hoe Mattock Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  10. Slide 10 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 … and Shovels!

  11. Slide 11 Large Context Small Context Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  12. Slide 12 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Recording • Written description • Context Record Sheet • Plan and section • Photographs

  13. Slide 13 Post Hole Label Context Record Sheet Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  14. Slide 14 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Recording the Slot Trench of a Neolithic House

  15. Slide 15 a b c Stake Holes a² = b² + c² Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Fixed Base Line

  16. Slide 16 Level Measuring Rod Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Taking Levels

  17. Slide 17 Post Holes Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Excavation of a Bronze Age House

  18. Slide 18 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  19. Slide 19 Bottom Layer Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Layers Deposited in the Fosse of a Moated Site

  20. Slide 20 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Excavation of a Neolithic House

  21. Slide 21 Pits Soil Samples Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Taking Soil Samples

  22. Slide 22 Name of Excavation Excavation Code Context Number Sample Number Type of Sample- Soil Sample. Number of Bag Date and Initials of Archaeologist Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Soil Sample

  23. Slide 23 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  24. Slide 24 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Dry Sieving

  25. Slide 25 Burial Pit Bronze Age Urn Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Bronze Age Urn Burial

  26. Slide 26 Urn as Found Repaired Urn Ready for Lifting Urn Being Repaired Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  27. Slide 27 Bone Being Removed Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Cremated Bone in Urn

  28. Slide 28 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Urn Burial • Cremated burial • Remains placed in pit • Cremated bone placed in neat bundle in pit • Earthenware urn inverted over bone • No surface indication of burial • Bronze Age in date

  29. Slide 29 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2 Artefacts are Useful for Dating Archaeological Contexts

  30. Slide 30 Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  31. Slide 31 Sharpened Edge of Scraper Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  32. Slide 32 Site Office Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  33. Slide 33 Sorting Artefacts from Excavation Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

  34. Slide 34 Packing Up Theme 3, Unit 2, LESSON 2

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