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Eurasian Cultural Traditions: China and India

Eurasian Cultural Traditions: China and India. AP World Mr. Owen Fall 2011. Introduction. 500 BCE saw the emergence of significant cultural traditions Why did all these traditions emerge at the same time? Social Changes: Iron Age Growing Cities / Commerce New states and Empires

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Eurasian Cultural Traditions: China and India

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  1. Eurasian Cultural Traditions:China and India AP World Mr. Owen Fall 2011

  2. Introduction • 500 BCE saw the emergence of significant cultural traditions • Why did all these traditions emerge at the same time? • Social Changes: • Iron Age • Growing Cities / Commerce • New states and Empires • New contact between civilizations

  3. China and the Search for Order • Recap • Chinese history in state-building • Effect of era of “warring states” • Legalist (still recapping) • Han Feizi • Principal • Pessimistic view of human nature • Promotion of Farmers • Qin

  4. The Confucian Answer • Confucius (551 – 479 BCE) • Principle: the moral example of superiors is the answer to disorder • Education • Role of the Family • Importance of History

  5. The Analects of Confucius

  6. The Daoist Answer • Laozi (sixth century B.C.E.) • Daoism = Opposite of Confucianism • Central concept: • Daoism entered popular religion

  7. Daoist Art Anyone?

  8. The Fanghu Isle of the Immortals

  9. On a Mountain Path in Spring

  10. Pure and Remote View of Hills and Streams

  11. Returning Home in the Spring

  12. Cultural Traditions of Classical India

  13. Hinduism • “Hinduism” is a term coined by outsiders • Never a single tradition • Hinduism • No founder: developed along with Indian Civ. • South Asian Religion: From Ritual Sacrifice to Philosophical Speculation • the Vedas

  14. Hinduism • Upanishads developed in response to dissatisfaction with Brahmins • 800 – 400 BCE • Central idea: Brahman (the World Soul) as ultimate reality

  15. The Buddhist Challenge • Developed side by side with philosophical Hinduism • Siddhartha Gautama (566 – 486 CBE) • The Enlightened one • Central Buddhist teaching: life is suffering • Large elements of Hinduism are present in Buddhist teaching • Much of Buddhism challenged Hinduism

  16. Buddhism • Large elements of Hinduism are present in Buddhist teaching • Much of Buddhism challenged Hinduism • Appealed especially to lower castes and women in India • The Split within Buddhism

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