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Explore the world of creative problem-solving in a one-hour approach. Learn key concepts like divergent thinking, convergent thinking, and the CPS model. Enhance your creativity with exercises and tips for tomorrow.
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Creative Problem Solving:The One-Hour Approach(or You’ve Got to be Kidding!) Cynthia E. Rolfe May 18, 2007
Exercise Creativity: My Definition
Definitions • “Novelty that is useful.” - Stein • “The mental capacity to visualize, to foresee, and to generate ideas.” - Alex Osborn • C=fa(K,I,E) - Creativity equals the Function of open attitude, Knowledge, Imagination and Evaluation Skills - ~Dr. Ruth Noller
Outside the Box Thinking To be creative you need to be able to view things from different perspectives. Creativity is linked to fundamental qualities of thinking, such as flexibility and tolerance of ambiguity ~Robert E. Franken
Exercise Visual Connections
Four P’s Framework • Press – Climate / environment • Person – Characteristics • Product – Produces a creative outcome • Process – Through which people are creative . . . .
Physical Office, conference room, etc. Shape Clutter Light Decor Schtuff Psychological Idea support Challenge Dynamism / Liveliness Playfulness / Humor Debates Risk-taking Trust/Openness Freedom Idea Time Conflicts PRESS
PERSON • Personality • Cognitive • Biographical There are three types of characteristics that combine to produce creativeness: ~Davis – 1998
PERSON: Personality Aware of Creativeness Original Needs time alone Artistic Curious Independent Thorough Attracted to Complexity Ethical Capacity for Fantasy Sense of Humor Energetic Emotional Risk-Taking Perceptive
PERSON: Cognitive • Fluency • Flexibility • Originality • Elaboration • Sensitivity
PRODUCT • Artifacts of thought • The tangible result of the creative process • Physical objective – article or patent • Theoretical system • Equation • New technique
PROCESS: CPS • Identify Goal / Wish Challenge • Gather Data • Clarify the Problem • Generate Ideas • Select and Strengthen Solutions • Plan for Action
Divergent Thinking Generating lots of ideas Convergent Thinking Judging options / making decisions Dynamic Balance ~Alex Osborn, Applied Imagination Two distinct kinds of thinking essential to being creative
Divergent Thinking Guidelines • Defer judgment • Combine and build on ideas • Seek Wild ideas • Go for quantity
Divergent Tools • Brainstorming • Stick-’Em Up* • Brainwriting • Forced connections • Visual Connections* • Ladder of Abstraction • SCAMPER
Convergent Thinking • Be deliberate • Check your objectives • Improve your ideas • Be affirmative • Consider novelty
Convergent Tools • Card Sort • Evaluation Matrix • Highlighting • I3 (Influence, Importance, Imagination) • PPCo (Pluses, Potentials, Concerns)
The CPS Model (Creative Problem Solving) ~Osborn-Parnes Explore the Challenge Generate Ideas Prepare for Action
Tips for Tomorrow • Carry a notepad . . . And use it! • Observe, observe, observe • Take time out to people watch • Ask questions • Of others . . . . But more importantly • Of YOURSELF!!! • Take time to breathe and enjoy!!!