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Carbon capture and geological storage for Scotland

Carbon capture and geological storage for Scotland. • CCS explained • Impact Scotland • Ready - ness • Challenges Scotland. Stuart Haszeldine University of Edinburgh School of GeoSciences. Explained. + Enables transition, ONLY direct reduction of CO2, Large impact,

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Carbon capture and geological storage for Scotland

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  1. Carbon capture and geological storagefor Scotland • CCS explained • Impact Scotland • Ready - ness • Challenges Scotland Stuart Haszeldine University of Edinburgh School of GeoSciences Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  2. Explained + Enables transition, ONLY direct reduction of CO2, Large impact, Scotland advantage. -- Partial cleanup, Costs more (than now), Needs big companies, Requires more fuel. Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  3. CO2 capture and storage 10,000yr remedy: bury CO2 in aquifers or oilfields Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  4. North Sea Saline Aquifer CO2 Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  5. Impact and Ready-ness Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  6. Scottish CO2 EITHER Stop coal and gas use OR Capture CO2 IF …….. by 2020, Scotland has 50% electricity from “renewables”. How is the other 50% made? Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  7. Scottish liability Longannet New coal CO2 tonnage 10 Mt/yr coal SP Cockenzie 8 Mt/yr coal ?? 4.1 Mt/yr coal SP Peterhead 1.5 Mt/yr gas SSE Replace Refit New Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  8. UK competition CCS 2008 0.4 GW, soon after 2014 Longannet 10 Mt CO2 /yr coal Scottish Power BP Alternative Energy Withdrawn Hunterston 1.6 GW 8 Mt CO2 Kingsnorth 1.6 GW, 8Mt CO2 E.ON Scotland MAY be UK leader. But what is Plan B if it loses? Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  9. Sources and options: Scottish Region Storage 14 companies Feb 2009 AIMS Sources Timings Routes Stores Costs 3) EOR import UK + EU? 2) “Aquifer” CapacityUK 20yr or 1,000yr ? 1) “Export” Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  10. Europe: 12 CCS projects • 500 M tons Emission Allowances for new plant ==> 10 x 400 MW coal plant 2013 - 2020 • 500 g CO2 /kW hr electricity emissions standard • EU Council of Ministers anti EU-A ==> may fund ? Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  11. Challenges Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  12. Capture Ready coal Building new coal supercritical power plant - with future ability to capture CO2, but NOT capturing now Emissions Standard 350g (170g) CO2/kwh Ramps down Intended future date Simple administration Risk with operator Capture-Ready Power plant fitted (800g), No specified route or storage site No date for operation Complex detailed designs Risk with Government (us!) Risks: Illusions of progress Too much regulatory complexity Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  13. Capture -ready V deployment New coal? 32Mt capture ready Clear CCS mandate ==> Deployment Unclear deployment After 2020 Market 2 Market 1 DECC competition EU-ETS auctions £ 3,000 M per year From Jan 2013 Create a second market route to fund Scottish (UK) CCS projects by EU-ETS Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  14. EU CO2 emissions map Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  15. North Sea transport and store Mongstad 2020 ? 2014 Karsto 2016 ? 50% of EU CO2 export via Rotterdam ? Largest storage is in Norwegian and Scottish offshore How to get a transport network to come north? 2014 Longannet Hunterston 2015 2012 Kingsnorth ROTTERDAM Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

  16. Scotland: To Do • Action on Capture Ready or Emission Standard • Positioning on EU pipeline network • Create CCS capacity, and fund storage research • Enabling CCS in Scotland > UK Money : EU-ETS, Auction, ROC, Price • CCS: Largest single CO2 reduction Over-promised and under-delivered Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008

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