Jonathan Baldwin Turner and Justin Smith Morrill

1. Jonathan Baldwin Turner and Justin Smith Morrill Suzanne P. van Rijn deserves the credit for the majority of the information in these slides.

2. Jonathan Baldwin Turner educator lecturer farmer reformer creative genius behind Morrill Act

3. Early Life born 1805 Templeton, Mass classical education

4. Early Life - con�t. attended Yale brother Asa influenced father supported himself gardener woodcutter taught primary studies and athletics to young boys enrolled in gymnasium

5. Teacher - Illinois College, 1833 Rhetoric Latin Greek Minister - 2 Congregational Churches Anti-slavery tutored Abraham Lincoln

6. Denounces Classical Education �A classical teacher who has no original, spontaneous power of thought, and knows nothing but Latin and Greek, however perfectly, is enough to stullify a whole generation of boys and make them all pedantic fools like himself�.

7. Resigns Teaching studies horticulture develops Turner red raspberry Osage orange culture used to grow hedges/fences for the Illinois prarie farmers sections broad areas into cultivated fields

8. Common Schools poor school free school �it devolves on us to augment the facilities, the resources, and the completion of knowledge, until a royal road shall be paved from the threshold of every cabin in the land to the open doors and waiting honors of our most magnificent temples of science�

9. Industrial University Plan basis for the Land Grant Institution two classes of people industrial - had practically no institutions professional - had ample institutions