COLONIAL GEORGIA

1. COLONIAL GEORGIA Chapter 6 – The Founding of Georgia Chapter 7 – Life of People in the Colonies

2. UNIT 3 VOCABULARY • Parliament • Trustee • Backcountry • French and Indian War • Proclamation of 1763 • Headright System • Plantation • Indentured Servant • Triangular Trade • Slave Code

3. I. Founding of Georgia

4. I. Founding of Georgia • Robert Montgomery – first came up with the idea of founding a colony where Georgia is located. Was to be named “Azalea”

5. I. The Founding of Georgia • Trustees – a group of 21 people who obtained a charter to form Georgia in an attempt to make money. 20 of them stayed in England. • James Oglethorpe – the founder of Georgia. He traveled to Georgia

6. The Founding of Georgia • Boundaries • Northern –Savannah River. • Southern – Altamaha River. • Western – Pacific Ocean (quickly became the Mississippi River) • Eastern – Atlantic Ocean.

7. The Founding of Georgia • Reasons of Colonization Defense – Georgia serves as a buffer zone. Charity – Georgia was to be a place for debtors to work off their debt. Economics – Georgia was to make money through silk production (mulberry trees)

8. The Founding of Georgia ALLOWED IN GEORGIA NOT ALLOWED IN GEORGIA • Economic success • Religious freedom • All ethnic groups • Land for everybody • Slavery • Tobacco • Rum • Lawyers • Catholics • More than 50 acres of land

9. II. THE FIRST GEORGIA SETTLERS

10. First Georgia Settlers • The Voyage • James Oglethorpe and 114 settlers from England on the ship Anne. • Very few of them were debtors.

11. Georgia’s First Settlers • Georgia’s first settlement Savannah – divided into squares so that all people had equal amounts of land. Yamacraw Bluff – overlooks the Savannah River. Location where Savannah was built

12. The First Georgia Settlers • CHIEF TOMOCHICHI – • Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. • Befriended James Oglethorpe and allowed the Georgia settlers to stay. • Mary Musgrove served as a translator between the two. VIDEO

13. First Georgia Settlers • HARDSHIPS • Diseases • Economics – mulberry trees are not successful • Threats from Natives, Spanish, and French.

14. Georgia’s First Settles • Salzburgers • Founded the town of Ebenezer. • Grew some mulberry trees and were very hard working. They opposed slavery and supported Oglethorpe’s ideas. • They were Lutherans.

15. First Georgia Settlers • War with Spain (War of Jenkins’ Ear) • Two Forts built • Fort Frederica – on the mouth of the Altamaha River to protect against the Spanish. • Darien – Scottish Highlanders moved to Georgia to build a new fort and protect the colony.

16. First Georgia Settlers • War with Spain cont. • War of Jenkins’ Ear • Oglethorpe attacked St. Augustine, Florida. He lost and retreated. • Spanish attacked back at Fort Frederica. • Battle of Bloody Marsh – won by the Georgia settlers and the Spanish retreated back beyond the St. Mary’s River

17. First Georgia Settlers • James Oglethorpe – • Because of the economic hardships of Georgia, people were mad about the rules laid out by James Oglethorpe. They were known as MALCONTENTS. They called him the PERPETUAL DICTATOR because he was a dictator that never stopped. They forced him to return to England.

18. III. GEORGIA UNDER ROYAL RULE

19. Georgia Under Royal Rule • John Reynolds – Georgia’s first royal governor • Established self rule. Had to own land to vote.

20. Georgia Under Royal Rule • Henry Ellis • Worked hard to improve Georgia’s economy and defenses. Tried to increase slave use.

21. Georgia Under Royal Rule • Sir James Wright • Everybody liked him. • Was governor when the revolution began. • Georgia was slow to join revolution because they liked him.

22. Georgia Under Royal Rule • French and Indian War • Between the English and the French for control of North America. The Native Americans helped the French. • Won by the English, which allowed England to colonize more of North America

23. MAP OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

24. Georgia Under Royal Rule • Proclamation of 1763 • Told Settlers to stay on the Eastern side of the Appalachian Mountains. • Made the St. Mary’s River the official southern boundary for Georgia.

25. Georgia Under Royal Rule • Headright System • 100 acres of land to the head of a household plus 50 acres for each person brought with them. • Georgia now has more land available to settlers. • Was a huge economic boost to the economy.

26. IV. Three types of colonies

27. Three types of colonies • New England Colonies • Very little farming because of climate and soil. • Education was important. • Would eventually become far more industrialized

28. Three types of colonies • Middle Colonies • Some farming and some slaves. • Grew crops like wheat and corn. • Most eventually outlawed slavery.

29. Three Types of Colonies • Southern Colonies • Relied on slavery and agriculture. • Very little emphasis on education

30. V. Life in the Georgia Colony

31. Life in the Georgia Colony Indentured Servants Slavery • Came from Europe and worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to the new world. • Came from Africa and had to work their entire lives. Survived longer because conditions were better than in Africa.

32. Life in the Georgia Colony • Education • Took place in the home and in the church • VIDEO

33. Life in the Georgia Colony • Religion • Church was the center of social life. • John Wesley founded the Methodist church and spent time in Savannah.

34. Life in the Georgia Colony Rum • Triangular Trade Routes • Colonists traded rum with Africa and Europe • Then traded slaves to the West Indies (Middle Passage) • Then traded sugar to other colonists Slaves Sugar

35. SOME IMPORTANT NAMES TO KNOW • King George • Robert Montgomery • Robert Cassell • James Oglethorpe • Mary Musgrove • Chief Tomochichi • John Reynolds • Henry Ellis • James Wright • John and Charles Wesley