Yellow Fever - Risk, Treatment and Prevention for Travellers

1. Yellow Fever :- Risk, Treatment and Prevention for Travellers

2. Risks when Yellow Fever Infect a Person It is called "yellow fever" because the infection targets the liver leading to jaundice – yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by liver damage. Yellow fever is a serious viral infection that's spread by a type of daytime biting mosquito known as the AedesAegypti mosquito. Since 1996, six travellers from Europe and North America have died from the infection. None of them were vaccinated. Yellow fever carries an 8% risk of death.

3. Vaccination for Yellow Fever There is a vaccination for yellow fever. Some countries require proof of vaccination (a certificate) against yellow fever before they let you enter the country. You should have a yellow fever vaccination at least 10 days before your travel. This will allow enough time for your body to develop protection against the yellow fever infection. The yellow fever vaccination is recommended for anyone travelling to, or living in, areas or countries where yellow fever is a problem, and anyone travelling to a country where an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP) against yellow fever is required for entry. A vaccine called Stamaril (produced by Sanofi Pasteur MSD) is the only licenced yellow fever vaccine in the UK and is the most effective way of preventing yellow fever.A single dose gives lifelong cover so it will not need to be repeated.

4. Who should not be vaccinated? Babies under nine months of age. Pregnant women Breastfeeding women People whose immune systems are lowered People who are allergic to eggs People who have had a severe allergic reaction People who are allergic to any of the ingredients in the vaccine People who have a condition that affects the thymus gland People who are currently very unwell Elderly yellow fever naïve travelers

5. Side effects of the vaccine After having the yellow fever vaccine, 10-30% of people will have mild side effects such as: Headache Muscle pain Soreness at the injection site Mild fever Reactions at the injection site usually occur one to five days after being vaccinated, although other side effects may last for up to two weeks. Rarely, the yellow fever vaccine is associated with a neurological condition known as yellow fever vaccine-associated neurological disease (YEL-AND). YEL-AND occurs in around four cases out of every million doses given. However, for people who are 60 years of age or over and yellow fever vaccine naïve, the incidence of YEL-AND increases by around five times, so in these cases the risk-benefit needs to be carefully

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