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Content Vocabulary

Learn about the importance of vitamins and the risks associated with deficiencies and toxic levels. Discover the benefits of beta-carotene and antioxidants in maintaining optimal health.

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Content Vocabulary

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  1. Content Vocabulary • supplement • deficiency • fat-soluble • water-soluble • night blindness • beta-carotene • antioxidant • free radicals

  2. The idea that vitamins and supplements can cure anything is apparent in today’s advertising. supplement A pill, powder, liquid, or the like containing only nutrients

  3. Vitamin Safety • Too little or too much of any vitamin or mineral is harmful to health.

  4. A vitamin can cure only the disease caused by a deficiency of that vitamin. An overdose of any vitamin can make people as sick as a deficiency and even cause death. Vitamin Safety deficiency Too little of a nutrient in the body

  5. The two classes of vitamins are: fat-soluble and water-soluble. Vitamin Safety fat-soluble water-soluble Able to travel in the body’s watery fluids and leave the body readily in the urine Able to dissolve in fat and tend to remain in the body

  6. Vitamins are dangerous in high doses, but minerals are even more dangerous. Minerals can cause illness when taken in doses slightly above recommended levels. A balanced diet supplies the correct amount of vitamins and minerals. Vitamin Safety

  7. Vitamin A • Vitamin A is important to many body processes.

  8. Night blindness is an early sign of a vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A night blindness A slow recovery of vision after flashes of bright light at night

  9. Vitamin A: Protects vision. Helps fight infections. Maintains normal, healthy skin. Promotes growth. Vitamin A

  10. Too Little or Too Much Vitamin A • Vitamin A dissolves into body fat and can build up toxic to levels. • Vitamin A toxicity symptoms include nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, weakness of the bones and muscles, and liver damage.

  11. Beta-carotene Vitamin A • Beta-carotene is the form of vitamin A that comes from plants. beta-carotene An orange vegetable pigment that the body can change into the active form of vitamin A

  12. Beta-carotene Vitamin A • Beta-carotene can never cause dangerous build-ups to occur. • Only vitamin A from supplements or fortified foods poses the threat of toxicity.

  13. Beta-carotene Vitamin A • Beta-carotene plays a special role as an antioxidant nutrient. antioxidant Defends the body against destructive compounds

  14. Beta-carotene Vitamin A • Antioxidants defend the body against destructive compounds called free radicals. free radicals Substances that trigger damaging chain reactions in the cells of the body

  15. Best Sources or Fortified Foods Vitamin A • The best sources of beta-carotene are: • Dark green vegetables. • Deep yellow and orange fruits and vegetables.

  16. Best Sources or Fortified Foods Vitamin A • The best sources vitamin A of an animal origin are: • Liver • Fish oil • Fortified milk and/or milk products

  17. Vitamin E • Eating foods rich in vitamin E may help protect against heart disease.

  18. Vitamin E is an antioxidant nutrient. Good sources of vitamin E are: Raw vegetable oils. Cereal grains. Nuts. Fruits. Vegetables. Vitamin E

  19. Thiamin • To get enough thiamin and other nutrients, a teen must eat many servings of nutritious foods each day.

  20. Thiamin helps the body use energy from other nutrients including: Carbohydrates Fats Protein. Thiamin

  21. Mild symptoms of thiamin deficiency include: Stomachaches Headaches Fatigue Restlessness Thiamin

  22. Mild symptoms of thiamin deficiency also include: Problems sleeping Chest pains Fevers Anger and aggression Symptoms that can be mistaken for mental illness Thiamin

  23. Severe symptoms of thiamin deficiency include: Paralysis Loss of muscle tissue Swelling Enlarged heart Irregular heartbeat Death from heart failure Thiamin

  24. Folate and Vitamin B12 • Folate and vitamin B12 illustrate why it is important to eat foods from each of the food groups.

  25. Folate is found in fresh, leafy green vegetables. Vitamin B12 is found in meat and milk. Though found in different food groups, folate and vitamin B12 work together in the body. Folate and Vitamin B12

  26. Folate deficiency causes anemia, weakened immunity, and abnormal digestion. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes anemia and abnormal nerve and muscle function Folate and Vitamin B12

  27. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • The two classes of vitamins are __________ and __________ . water-soluble fat-soluble Able to dissolve in fat and tend to remain in the body Able to travel in the body’s watery fluids and leave the body readily in the urine

  28. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • A __________ is a condition in which the body lacks an essential nutrient. deficiency Too little of a nutrient in the body

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