Bureau of Transportation Statistics: Aviation Data Bases

1. Bureau of Transportation Statistics:Aviation Data Bases Bureau of Transportation Statistics Research and Innovative Technology Administration United States Department of Transportation June 16, 2011

2. Outline • Traffic Data • T-100 and T-100(f) • Nonstop Segment • On-Flight Market Passenger Origin Destination Survey Report (O&D or Survey) On-Time Data

3. T-100 and T-100(f) • T-100 reported by: • U.S. Certificated air carriers • U.S. Commuter air carriers • T-100(f) is reported by foreign air carriers that operate to the United States or U.S. Territories or Possessions • Foreign carrier T-100(f) flights must have a U.S. point as either the origin or arrival airport. • Foreign carriers do not report foreign to foreign service.

4. T100/T100f DATAHow is the Traffic System Structured? • There are two summary records to the T-100 Traffic data system • Nonstop Segment - What is on an aircraft between takeoff and landing • Market Data (flight number driven) - Where the passenger, mail, or freight boards a flight and where that passenger, mail or freight deplanes the flight

5. T-100 and T-100(f) Nonstop Segment Data Nonstop Data – Summary data by month by air carrier Service class Origin airport Arrival airport Aircraft type Scheduled departures* Departures performed Passengers on aircraft between take-off and landing (Transported Passengers) Weight of freight on aircraft between take-off and landing (Transported Freight) Weight of mail on aircraft between take-off and landing (Transported Mail)* Available seats on aircraft between take-off and landing Available weight that can transported on aircraft between take-off and landing Airborne hours (reported in minutes)* Ramp-to-ramp hours (reported in minutes)* • * Not reported on T-100(f) • BTS adds World Area Codes to identify airport locations

6. World Area Codes (WAC) • WACs • Three digit number assigned to countries, U.S. States and Canadian Providences • USA 0XX (Each state has its own WAC code) • Middle America 1XX (Includes Mexico) • Caribbean, Bahamas and Bermuda 2XX • South America 3XX • Europe 4XX • Africa 5XX • Middle East 6XX • Far east 7XX • Australia and Oceania 8XX • Canada and Greenland 9XX

7. Service Classes • Service Class • F - Scheduled Passenger • G - Scheduled All-cargo • L - Nonscheduled Passenger • P - Nonscheduled All-Cargo • N - Nonscheduled Military Passenger • R – Nonscheduled Military All-cargo • K - Scheduled Services (F + G) • V - Nonscheduled Services (L + P + N +R) • Z – All Services (K + V)

8. T-100 and T-100(f) On-Flight Market Data • On-Flight Market Data – Summary data by month by air carrier • Service class • Origin airport • Destination airport • Passengers (enplaned) • Freight (enplaned) • Mail (enplaned)* • BTS adds World Area Codes to identify airport locations • * Not reported on T-100(f) • Although carriers do not report flight numbers, the flight number determines the market. When a flight number changes, a new market starts.

9. T-100 Nonstop and On-Flight Market Data • Example For F Class Service Flights on B 737-800 aircraft • Flight #584 LGA–LAX 200 passengers • Flight # 279 LGA–ORD–LAX with 134 LGA–ORD, 50 LGA-LAX, 111 ORD-LAX passengers • Enplaned Passengers Transported Passengers • (Market) (Nonstop Segment) • LGA-ORD 134 LGA-ORD 184 • LGA-LAX 250 LGA-LAX 200 • ORD-LAX 111 ORD-LAX 161 • Total 495 545

10. Passenger Origin-Destination Survey Report • 10 Percent survey of passenger tickets • First operating carrier on the passenger ticket, that is an O&D submitting carrier, reports the entire passengers itinerary • Point of origin • Operating carrier on each flight stage (coupon) • Ticketed carrier on each flight stage • Fare basis code on each flight stage (coupon) • Points of stopover or connection (inter or intra-line) • Number of passengers • Total value of ticket (includes taxes and fees) • Data are reported in the quarter when the first leg of the itinerary is operated • Note: Coupon passengers = T-100 market passengers

11. Type of O&D Carriers • Reporting carriers are large certificated carriers operating scheduled passengers service with at least one aircraft with over 60 seats or operating international scheduled passenger service • Ticketed carrier – in joint service operations (code Share), the ticketed carrier is the carrier whose code is displayed on the passenger ticket • Operating carrier is the carrier whose aircraft and crew is used to conduct the flight • The first operating carrier that that is also a reporting carrier submits data of the entire passenger itinerary

12. Passenger Origin-Destination Survey Report • Three different types of Survey traffic data • Coupon data – based of flight numbers • Market data – based on trip breaks (algorithm) • Ticket or itinerary data – how many tickets were sold (round trips are counted as one)

13. Example of a Passenger Itinerary • Ticket reads PWM – DTW (AA/MQ), DTW-LAX (AA/AA), LAX-SLC (AA/AA), SCL-ORD (AA/MQ), ORD-PWM (UA/G7) • Coupons • PWM – DTW Ticketed carrier AA, Operating carrier MQ • DTW - LAX Ticketed carrier AA, Operating carrier AA • LAX-SLC Ticketed carrier AA, Operating carrier AA • SCL-ORD Ticketed carrier AA, Operating carrier MQ • ORD-PWM Ticketed carrier UA, Operating carrier G7 Markets PWM – LAX LAX - PWM

14. Example of Domestic Scheduled Passengers in 2009 • 634,375,431 Passenger transported (T-100 nonstop segment passengers) • 620,277,076 Passengers enplaned (T-100 market passengers) • 58,061,311 O&D Coupon Passengers (10% sampling) • 42,534,844 O&D Market Passengers (10% sampling) • 24,769,664 O&D Ticketed Passengers (10% Sampling)

15. On-Time Data • Reporting carriers = Scheduled air carriers accounting for at least one percent of domestic scheduled passenger revenues • Key data elements • Air carrier • Date • Flight number • Aircraft tail number • Gate departure time • Origin • Destination • Wheels-off time • Taxi-out time • Wheels-on time • Air time • Taxi-in time • Gate arrival time • Cancellations • Cause of delay/cancellation

16. Traffic Data Gaps • On-time data • No passenger counts • Limited number of reporting air carriers • T-100 • No reports from on-demand air taxis • No on-line market data • No flight numbers T-100(f) No foreign to foreign traffic even on routings to and from the United States No flight numbers • Passenger Origin-Destination Survey Reports • No local passengers reported by commuter air carriers • No traffic from foreign air carriers other than interline traffic with U.S. carrier • Ticket value not reported by segment • No flight numbers or dates

17. What Data Base Should I Use? • How many passengers traveled from Europe to JFK in 2010? • Use T-100 and T-100 (f) nonstop segment data with WAC origin airport of between 400 and 499 and a destination airport of JFK How many passengers traveled from Springdale, Arkansas to America Samoa? Use The Passenger Origin destination survey report. There is no nonstop or single flight number service between these points. Use Survey data for true origin-destination data Use T-100 segment data for what enters and exits particular airports Use T-100 on-flight market data for airport enplanement data

18. Confidential /Restricted Release of Data • T-100 and T-100(f) data with foreign points are withheld from public release for 6 months • T-100 data with foreign to foreign data (reported by U.S.) carriers are withheld from public release for 3 years • Passenger Origin-Destination Survey data with a foreign point are withheld from public release.

19. BTS Data are Used by Media

20. BTS Airline Statistics on TranStats The TranStats Intermodal Transportation Database can be found at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/ )

21. Complete Airline Data Available At: • http://www.bts.gov:Scheduled Product Releases are available for download as datasets • http://www.transtats.bts.gov/ • Traffic • Financial • On-Time Flight Performance/Flight delays • Origin-Destination (OD) of • Passenger flows • Fares between OD pairs • http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information/

22. BTS Webinar Series • Airline Data Overview: June 16th • International Data Overview: July 28th • National Census of Ferry Operators: Date TBD • Omnibus Household Survey: Date TBD • Transportation Services Index: Date TBD • Transportation Statistics Overview: Date TBD