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THERIOGENOLOGY 1 12484

THERIOGENOLOGY 1 12484 . Dr. Hatem Atalla D.V.M PhD An-Najah National University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 2009. Course Description.

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THERIOGENOLOGY 1 12484

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  1. THERIOGENOLOGY 112484 Dr. Hatem Atalla D.V.M PhD An-Najah National University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 2009

  2. Course Description • Theriogenology is a one semester (2 H Theory + 2 H Practice) course designed to provide the Veterinary Students with knowledge, training and understanding of reproduction processes in domestic animals from puberty and genesis to gestation, and Artificial insemination processes from semen collection to insemination.

  3. Course Objectives • Describe the reproductive anatomy and reproductive function in domestic animals. • Demonstrate proper artificial insemination techniques in cattle. • Discuss factors affecting efficiency of reproduction in animals. • Demonstrate proper semen handling and pregnancy diagnostic techniques. • Describe and discuss estrus synchronization and embryo transfer programs • Evaluate the collected semen by the macroscopic and microscopic semen examinations. • Inseminating cows and Applying hormones and sponges for estrus synchronization

  4. Assessment • This course will be evaluated by 3 exams, in addition to the practical exam as short answer question and oral and practical examinations. • First examination 15 points • Second examination 15 points • Practical examination 30 points Participation, quizzes, reports • Final examination 40 points • Total 100 points

  5. Text Books • Main Text Book: • Applied Animal Reproduction, Joe Bearden, John Fuquat, Second Edition 1984 • Suggested Reading: • Reproduction in Farm Animals, E.S.E. Hafez, 6th edition 1993 • Reproduction in Cattle, A.R. Peters and P.J.H. Ball, 2nd edition 1994 • Current Therapy in Theriogenology, Morrow, 1986

  6. COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY • Week 1 • The female reproductive organs, 9 • Functions of female reproductive organs • The male reproductive organs, 25 • Functions of male reproductive organs • Week 2 • Natural Synchronization processes, 41 • Primary Reproductive Hormones of the Pituitary Gland, 45 • Control of the Pituitary Gland by the Hypothalamus, 46 • Hormones of the Glonads, 48 • Primary Reproductive Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex, 52 • Week 3 • Endocrine Function of the Uterine/Placental Unit, 53 • Reproductive Role of Prostaglandins, 53 • The Pineal Gland • Regulation of Hormonal Receptor Sites, 55 • Intracellular Mechanisms of Hormonal Action, 56

  7. COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY • Week 4 • The Estrus Cycle, 63 • Puberty, 63 • Periods of Estrous Cycle, 65 • Hormonal Controlof the Estrous Cycle, 66 • Mating Behavior, 70 • Seasonal Breeding, 72 • Week 5 • Spermatogenesis and Maturation of Spermatozoa, 77 • Puberty, 77 • The Process of Spermatogenesis, 79 • The Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle and Spermatogenic Wave, 83 • Capacitation of Spermatozoa, 85

  8. COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY Week 6 • Ovigenesis and Fertilization, 89 • Ovigenesis, 89 • Ovulation, 91 • Gamete Transport, 93 • Fertilization, 95 • Polyspermy, 98 • Aging of Gametes, 98 Week 7 • Male Mating Behavior, 141 • Regulation of Mating Behavior, 143 • Erection and Ejaculation, 145 • Maintaining Libido, 146 First Exam

  9. COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY Week 8 • Semen and its Components, 149Spermatozoa, 150Seminal Plasma, 153Energy Metabolism by Spermatozoa, 154Factors Affecting Rate of Metabolism Week 9 • Altering Reproductive Processes, 227Synchronization of Estrus, 227Superovulation and Embryo Transfer, 234 Week 10 • Reproductive Management, 253Measurements of Reproductive Efficiency, 253Management Related to the Female 254 Week 11 • Management Related to the Male, 272

  10. COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY Week 12 • Pregnancy Diagnosis, 277in cow, ewe, doe, mares, and sows Week 13 • Environmental Management, 297Environmental Stressors,Physiological Relationship of Environmental Stress to ReproductionThermoregulationModification of Summer Environments to reduce Stress Week 14 • Nutritional Management, 307Nutritive Components, Growing AnimalsMaintaining Reproductive Efficiency Second Exam

  11. Week 15 Anatomical and Inherited Causes of Reproductive Failure, 321Freemartin, 321Infantile Reproductive System, 323Incomplete Structures, 324Hermaphrodite, 325Cryptorchid, 326Injuries, 327Prolapse of Vagina and Uterus, 329 Week 16 Phsiological and Psychological Causes of Reproductive Failure 331Cystic Ovaries, 331Retained Corpus Luteum, 334Anestrus, 335Irregular Estrous Cycles, 336Quiet Ovulation, 338Age, 339Psychological Disturbances, 340 COURSE OUTLINESTHEORY

  12. PRACTICAL • Reading texts: • Part 3 from the text book from chapter 13-17 • Other Notes

  13. Dissection a slaughterhouse material (genital organs) Inspection of external male and female genital organs in farm animals Introduction and History of Artificial Insemination, 161Introduction, 161, History, 162Advantages and disadvantages, 165Facilities Needed for Semen Collection, 167Methods of Semen Collection, 168 Semen Collection by Artificial Vagina from bull and ram Chemical characteristic of seminal plasmaUltra structure of spermSemen Collection by Artificial Vagina from bull and ram Macroscopic evaluation of semen, Semen Evaluation, 181Gross Examination, 182Estimation the Mass Activity, Motility and Concentration of semen,Progressive Motility, 182, Concentration of Sperm Cells PRACTICAL

  14. Sperm Cell Morphology, 187Differential Staining of Live and Dead Sperm, 189 Speed of Sperm, 190Evaluating Frozen Semen, 190Other Tests, 193 Semen Processing, Storage, Thawing, and Handling, 195Importance and Properties of Semen Diluters, 195Buffer Solutions Used in Semen Diluters, 196 Antimicrobial Agents for Semen Diluters, 197Effective Semen Diluters for Bull Semen, 198Processing Bull Semen, 199Aim of dilution characters of extending mediaDilution TechniquePreservation of semenSemen processing for cooling PRACTICAL

  15. Dilution of semen with Egg yolk-Na citrate solution Storage and Handling of Bull Semen, 205Processing Boar, Ram, Stallion and Buck Semen, 207 Insemination Techniques, 213Insemination of the Cow, 213Insemination of the Ewe and Doe, 221Insemination of the Sow, 222Insemination of the Mare, 222 Estimation of metabolic activity1) Respiratory Activity2) Methylene blue reduction test Fructolysis testCatalase Test Application of vaginal sponges in sheep PRACTICAL

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