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Immigration in mid-1800s

Immigration in mid-1800s. Emigrant: Someone who leaves a country Immigrant: Someone who comes to a country. Push and Pull Factors. Push Factors: Causes that “push” or force people away from a country (emigration) Examples?

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Immigration in mid-1800s

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  1. Immigration in mid-1800s • Emigrant: • Someone who leaves a country • Immigrant: • Someone who comes to a country

  2. Push and Pull Factors • Push Factors: • Causes that “push” or force people away from a country (emigration) • Examples? • Population growth, Agricultural Rev, crop failures, Industrial Rev, Religious & Political Persecution • Pull Factors: • Causes that “pull” people to a certain country (immigration) • U.S. Examples? • Freedom, Economic Opportunity, Land!, Gold!

  3. Ireland & Germany • Ireland “Potato Famine”: crop failure  widespread hunger and death • British Govt. gave no aid • English landlords evicted 100,000s for no rent • 2 million Irish emigrated 1845-1860 (most went to U.S., Canada, Australia) • Germany • Restrictive Economy • 1848 – failed revolution & political persecution

  4. Sailing the Atlantic Ocean • Took 1-2 months to get to U.S. ports • Wealthy travelers: State rooms • Good Ventilation • Captain dined with passengers • Poor travelers: Steerage • Had to cook food themselves • Little time allowed in fresh air • Overcrowding, rats, poor food, abuse, disease

  5. Handouts • Review Answers to Questions on Immigration Charts • Read Lazarus Poem on Statue of Liberty • Read Know Nothing Platform • List several contrasts in the different views toward immigration • Answer the Questions on the Know Nothing Party

  6. Nativism • What was Nativism? • An anti-immigration movement • The policy of favoring native inhabitants over new immigrants • What is discrimination? • The unjust or prejudicial treatment of certain groups of people • Which immigrant groups face discrimination today in the U.S.? • Why do you think discrimination exists?

  7. Know-Nothing Party • What was their platform? • Resist Catholic Church policies • Resist foreign influences on our Republic • Place in office only native-born Protestants • Protect the Constitution • Who was attacked by the platform? • Catholics and new immigrants • How does their platform contrast to the inscription on the Statue of Liberty? • If their platform were law, would it be constitutional today? • No. 14th Amendment Equal Protection clause says: “No state shall….deny to any person….the equal protection of the laws.”

  8. Know Nothing Party • Why did they call themselves the Know Nothings? • Secretive due to illegal activities; Members said “I know nothing.” • Where did the party have most support in 1855? • Northeast • Where did the party have least support in 1855? • West (except CA) • Why didn’t the party survive beyond the 1850s? • Slavery disagreements and Civil War

  9. Discrimination against the Irish • Why do you think the Irish were targeted for discrimination more than the Germans in the 1850s? • Largest group of new immigrants • Catholic (in contrast to Protestant majority)

  10. Nativist Political Cartoons • Skill: Identify assumptions • Examine the political cartoons • Identify examples of prejudice in each cartoon (prejudice is a negative opinion of a group of people, which is not based on facts) • Explain the message of each cartoon. • How do you think this cartoon would be received by people today? • Have you seen examples of prejudice today?

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