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Birth Control Options

Birth Control Options. Hope is not a method……. Child Development. History . Chinese Cocktail- combination of lead and mercury First condoms-made of sheep an goat intestines Romans used to use lemon wedges

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Birth Control Options

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  1. Birth Control Options Hope is not a method……. Child Development

  2. History • Chinese Cocktail- combination of lead and mercury • First condoms-made of sheep an goat intestines • Romans used to use lemon wedges • Teen Pregnancy epidemic in Australia in the 90’s found that teens were using candy wrappers as condoms

  3. Question? • How many types or forms of birth control are there?

  4. Types of Birth Control • Behavioral • Abstinence • Fertility Awareness Methods • Hormonal • Birth Control Pills, Nuva Ring • DepoProvera Shot, Plan B Pill • Patch, Norplant, Lunelle • Barrier • Condoms, Diaphrams, IUD’s, Spermicides

  5. Question? • What do we need to know about the different birth control methods?

  6. Behavioral • Way of life, requires dedication • Only used when pregnancy would not be a burden or detrimental

  7. Abstinence • The decision to not have sex • 100% Effective

  8. Fertility Awareness Method • Tempurature • Ovulation increases body temperature by .4-.8 degrees • Mucus Consistency • Mucus at cervix becomes thicker • Calendar • Must be accurate record keeper and have a regular cycle • 20 out of 100 women become pregnant

  9. Hormonal • Prevents ovulation from occuring • Thickens mucus at cervix=prevents sperm from passing through • Prevents implantation

  10. Birth Control Pills • 1st available in 1956 • Synthetic hormones (estrogen and progestin) • Most packs are 21 progestin pills and 7 placebo pills • Balance hormone level=take at the same time each day • 1 out of 100 become pregnant if taken perfectly • 5 out of 100 become pregnant on average

  11. Seasonale • Oral contraceptive pill that supresses your period to 4 times a year instead of 13 • Active drug taken for 84 days • Placebo taken for 7 days

  12. Birth Control Pills • Advantages • Reversible • Regulates periods, decreases cramps • No interference during intercourse • Disadvantages • Human error • Side effects • Medical concerns for some women • DOES NOT PROTECT AGAINST STI’S

  13. DepoProvera • Long-acting form of progestin given by injection • Injection every 3 months • Prevents ovulation • Changes period • Reversible—can take up to 18 months to get pregnant • Side effects-weight gain and hair loss • 1 out of 100 become pregnant

  14. Lunelle • Monthly inhjection of synthetic hormone • 1 out of 100 become pregnant • Side effects can be weight gain and higher blood pressure • Was recalled in 2002

  15. Patch • Dosage • Prevents ovulation • 3 weeks with patch (1 each week) • 1 week without patch= week of period • 8 out of 100 become pregnant

  16. Nuva Ring • Plastic ring contains estrogen and progestin • Continuous low dosage release • Dosage • 3 weeks with ring inserted • 1 week without ring • 2 out of 100 become pregnant

  17. Plan B Emergency Pills • 1st pill taken within 72 hours • 2nd pill takein within 12 hours of first pill • Delays or prevents fertilization or inhibits implantation • Side effects= nausea, cramps, vomitting • 25 out of 100 become pregnant

  18. Norplant • Six silicone tubes surgically inserted under skin • Releases low dose of hormone into blood stream • Lasts five years

  19. Barrier Method • Prevents sperm from reaching uterus • Prevents fertilized egg from implanting • Kills Sperm

  20. Male Condom • Made of latex, rubber, or animal skin • Offers good protection from STI’s • 18 out of 100 become pregnant

  21. Female Condom • Made of Polyurethane (stronger than latex) • Protects from “inside out” • 21 out of 100 become pregnant

  22. Diaphram • Latex barrier • Inserted before intercourse • Medically measured • Used in combination with spermicide • Changes: • Weight loss/gain • Pregnancy of miscarriage • 20 out of 100 become pregnant

  23. IUD • Intrauterine device • Immobilizes sperm or prevents implantation • Medically inserted into uterus lasts up to 12 yrs • Disadvantages: spotting, cramping, infections • 4 out of 100 become pregnant

  24. Spermicides • Nonoxynol- kills sperm • Forms available: foams, gels, suppositories • Must be inserted into vagina 15 minutes before intercourse • Most effective when used in combination with a barrier method • 26 out of 100 become pregnant

  25. Sterilization • Male: Vasectomy • Vas Deferens: cut and tied or burned • Prevents sperm from being released • Caution: “leftover” sperm • Female: Tubal Ligation • Fallopian Tubes: cut, tied, or burned surgically • Prevents egg from passing into uterus

  26. Suggestions • Take charge of your reproductive health • Pap Smears=early detection of cervical cancer • Get tested before beginning sexual activity with a new partner • DON’T BE A FOOL…WRAP YOUR TOOL!

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