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Word of the Day :  emissary (‘ e me ser e ) (noun) - a person sent out on a mission by another

Word of the Day :  emissary (‘ e me ser e ) (noun) - a person sent out on a mission by another Each of the industrial nations of the world sent an emissary to the international conference on global warming. Why is genetic variation a good thing?.

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Word of the Day :  emissary (‘ e me ser e ) (noun) - a person sent out on a mission by another

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  1. Word of the Day:  emissary (‘e me ser e) (noun) - a person sent out on a mission by another Each of the industrial nations of the world sent an emissary to the international conference on global warming. • Why is genetic variation a good thing?

  2. Word of the Day:  emissary (‘e me ser e) (noun) - a person sent out on a mission by another Each of the industrial nations of the world sent an emissary to the international conference on global warming. • What type of animal is a bird more closely related to? A mammal? A reptile? A fish? Why? Turn in your summaries to the box Honors: Get out your drafts!

  3. Evolution= genetic change of a population over time

  4. More specifically…. • Evolution is the change in allele frequencies over time • Review: What is an allele?

  5. Does evolution affect individuals? • Does the sequence of your DNA change throughout your life? • Is it possible for evolution to change an individual…..?

  6. ……No! Evolution does not act on the individual! • Evolution happens in a population • Evolution does not happen in an individual

  7. Darwin’s Four Postulates: 1. In every population there is variety. (some that is inherited, some that is not)

  8. 2. Some of that variety is passed on to offspring. He’s got your eyes!

  9. 3. There are more individuals born than can survive Some offspring will die because of disease, predators, and resource availability.

  10. 4. The individuals that have the most advantageous of traits for a given environment will better survive to reproduce (therefore passing their genes on to offspring). Over time, this will change the genetic frequencies in a population (EVOLUTION!) (Survival of the Fittest) Not THIS kind of fit...

  11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5KjCn7B6mU reptiles! How do we know?

  12. Where’s the proof? • Fossil Records • Homologous structures • Vestigial Structures • Molecular biology • Comparative Embryology

  13. Evidence for Evolution in the Fossil Record

  14. What is a fossil?How do they form?

  15. What do fossils tell us?

  16. Dinosaur Bird FOSSILS!

  17. Fossils Fossils prove the existence of many different organisms through time that are related to existing organisms. These fossils prove that there were living organisms from which every living thing today was derived.

  18. How do we know what animals are related to each other?Homologous structures

  19. Homologous Structures Homologous structures provide strong evidence that all four-limbed vertebrates have descended, with modifications, from a common ancestor.

  20. What is an analogous structure, and how is it different from a homologous structure? Analogous structures have a SIMILAR function but DIFFERENT evolutionary origin. Homologous structures are similar in structure AND show common ancestry!

  21. Vestigial Structures An organ or part of the body that is reduced to little or no function

  22. Comparative Embryology

  23. Comparative Embryology There are many similarities in the early stages of development of vertebrates, which suggests common ancestry.

  24. Molecular Evidence

  25. DNA: Present in ALL LIVING THINGS! *What does this tell us about when DNA must have evolved? *Is DNA an effective way of storing information?

  26. Genetic Similarities Between Species

  27. Similarities between Plant and Animal Cells: LOTS!

  28. Molecular Biology • Protein synthesis (making proteins through transcription & translation) is essentially the same in all organisms. • Proteins in all organisms are composed of the same 20 amino acids. • DNA is very similar between two closely related organisms. • This is evidence that even very diverse organisms have a common ancestor!!

  29. How Does this Relate to Bird Evolution? • What do birds and lizards share in common in their biochemistry that other organisms don’t share? -KERATIN! -Keratin is used by reptiles to make scales on the outside of their bodies, and by birds to make feathers.

  30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClJ5lwl_wM0 reptiles! How do we know?

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