Artificial Stupidity

1. Artificial Stupidity Paul Taylor 2010

2. Artificial Intelligence

3. Artificial • Fake!

4. Intelligence Latin: intelligere:- ‘to understand’ There are two general meanings derived from this, one by the APA, and a second by a group of intelligence researchers

5. APA “Individuals differ from one another in their ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by taking thought.” Source: Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns, 1996, AP, February

6. Mainstream Science on Intelligence “A very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test-taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings—"catching on", "making sense" of things, or "figuring out" what to do” Source: Wall Street Journal, December, 1994

7. What is the essence of these statements? APA: “Individuals differ from one another in their ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learnfrom experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by taking thought.” IntSci: “A very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test-taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings—"catching on", "making sense" of things, or "figuring out" what to do”

8. The Difference Engine • 1822, Charles Babbage • It was a Polynomial Calculator • See LBP version http://www.meccano.us/difference_engines/rde_1/DEFront.jpg

9. 1837 The Analytical Engine • Effectively would have been a mechanical computer • Babbage worked on it till he died in 1871 • Work was abandoned in 1878

10. 1950 The Turing Test

11. 1990 The Loebner Prize

12. Symbolic Languages

13. Neat and Scruffy AI

14. Expert Systems

15. Genetic Algorithms

16. Neural Networks (Connectionism)

17. The Problem: Snails • A Snail has only 3 neurons!!! http://idle.slashdot.org/story/10/06/01/1324220/Snails-On-Methamphetamine

18. The CYC Project • This is a project designed to capture the commonsense of humanity, ambitious:YES • It currently contains x00,000’s of terms and millions of assertions. • The founder, Doug Lenat predicts that the project will need around 100 million assertions before it can begin ‘reading’ literature.

19. Video Game AI Steve Rabin (Game AI) provides 2 definitions: “Game AI is any technique that contributes to the perceived intelligence of an entity, regardless of what’s under the hood.” “Techniques that generate artefacts that would normally be created by the game developers (like environment/layout, story, music, or models/animations/textures).”

20. Video Game AI When was the first AI introduced to gaming?

21. Video Game AI When was the first AI introduced to gaming? It all depends on your classification of AI Space Invaders responded to the player input...

22. Hardcore vs Casual Tony Ventrice of Playdom http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/6143/evolving_the_social_game_finding_.php

23. 6 factors of Hardcore games • Difficult controls • Overwhelming options • Prerequisite knowledge • Abstract memorization • Unclear goals • Unclear solutions

24. http://www.gtagaming.com/images/gtaiv/controls/ps3_vehicle.jpghttp://www.gtagaming.com/images/gtaiv/controls/ps3_vehicle.jpg Difficult Controls Welcome GTA IV Convoluted Controls Weird inexplicit timing

25. http://www.therimofhell.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/zombie-games.jpghttp://www.therimofhell.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/zombie-games.jpg

26. Overwhelming Options • Master of Orion 2 http://www.spacesector.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/races_custom.jpg

27. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vXr_LG9qVWI/S8NVQ83Q-nI/AAAAAAAACUk/Yy9cZu2Eha0/s400/383577_5.jpghttp://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vXr_LG9qVWI/S8NVQ83Q-nI/AAAAAAAACUk/Yy9cZu2Eha0/s400/383577_5.jpg Prerequisite Gaming Knowledge • What happens when you pick up a new weapon? • Why does the block you keep destroying reappear? • Why doesn’t the door open? • What do you do with the key you found? • Press ‘c’ to crouch

28. Abstract Memorization • This refers to anything that is not obvious or intuitive to any person. ‘The Unreal link gun heals your vehicles’ ‘The stamina bar runs out when you run lots’ http://www.mailorderexpress.com/shop/prdpics/140971.jpg

29. http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/gps-system-wrong-direction-2.jpghttp://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/gps-system-wrong-direction-2.jpg Unclear Goals • Figuring out what to do is a task for the hardcore gamer • Casual gamers would rather know what they are expected to do next • Implied goals are not good enough for casual gamers (13 / 26 Gems Collected) http://games.adultswim.com/robot-unicorn-attack-twitchy-online-game.html

30. http://www.far-q-designs.com/images/P/mensblackdyslexic.jpg Unclear Solutions • The Rubik's Cube • The Goal is clear • The solution is ????? • Sam n Max has many unclear solutions • Hints can be used to help guide greener players http://www.mouser.org/log/images/2007/peppered_beef.jpg

31. 6 factors of Casual Games • Challenge • Trial and Error • Strategy • Theme • Repetition • Depth / Graduated objectives

32. Challenge

33. Trial and Error

34. Strategy

35. Theme

36. Repetition

37. Depth / Graduated Objectives

38. Warstory:- Silverlight MMO http://warstory.bigpoint.com/en

39. Inception.... The Game :-s • http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/30545/Inception_Director_Nolan_Looking_At_Spinoff_Video_Game.php

40. The End