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All matter is either pure or a mixture .

All matter is either pure or a mixture . Pure matter - elements ( atoms ) or compounds ( molecules ). Mixtures - homogenous (joined) or heterogeneous (separate). All atoms present before a chemical reaction must be present after . ( Law of Conservation of Matter )

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All matter is either pure or a mixture .

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  1. All matter is either pureor a mixture. • Pure matter - elements(atoms) or compounds (molecules). • Mixtures - homogenous(joined) or heterogeneous(separate). • All atoms present before a chemical reaction must be present after. (Law of Conservation of Matter) • Chemicalformula represents the type and amount of elements that make up the compound – AlCl3

  2. Properties of Materials

  3. Use the periodic table to differentiate among metals, nonmetals and metalloids • Classify elements as metals, nonmetals or metalloids based on their propertaies • Describe different types of physical and chemical properties.

  4. KEY TERMS Physical properties Chemical properties Metalloids Lustre Malleability Ductility State Hardness Melting Point Boiling point Viscosity Density Solubility Combustible

  5. Physical properties • Traits that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. • Used to observe and describe matter.

  6. Examples of Physical Properties: 1. State – solid, liquid or gas at room temperature. 2. Hardness – how difficult it is toscratch or dent. 3. Melting point – unique temperature needed to change from solid into liquid. 4. Boiling point – unique temperature needed to change from liquid into gas.

  7. 5. Lustre – shiny or dull. 6. Malleability – how easy to bend or flatten. (opposite – brittle) 7. Ductility – how easy to pull into a wire. 8. Viscosity – how easy it flows or moves. 9. Solubility – does it dissolve in water. 10. Conductivity – will heat/electricity go through.

  8. 11. Density • amount of matter (stuff) in a volume of substance. atoms Lead Water density= mass density=mass volume volume Same size = same volume. heavier

  9. Chemical properties • Describes how a substance will react with another substance to form new materials. • Cannot be observedwithout changing the original material.

  10. Examples: 1. Combustion – does it burn or ignite when mixed. 2. Corrosion – does it react with acids. 3. Oxidation – does it react with air. 4. Hydration – does it react with water. 5. Heating – does it react to heat. *Don't confuse with boiling – state change/physical.

  11. Metals • Most common form of matter – 75% of elements. • Metals demonstrate similar (but NOT identical) physical and chemical properties. Non-metals • 15% of elements. • Non-metals demonstrate properties that are the opposite of metals.

  12. Metalloids: • Elements on the staircase – 6% of elements. • Exhibit properties betweenmetal and non-metals.

  13. shiny dull shiny* * * solid* solid / gas* solid * semi

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