1 / 30

6 Kingdoms Anticipation Guide: Just to get you thinking! 

6 Kingdoms Anticipation Guide: Just to get you thinking! . T/F All bacteria are harmful! T/F Only animals move. T/F All animals are vertebrates. T/F Humans are not animals. T/F Mushrooms are plants. T/F Viruses are living cells. Section 17.3 - Domains and Kingdoms.

rex
Download Presentation

6 Kingdoms Anticipation Guide: Just to get you thinking! 

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 6 Kingdoms Anticipation Guide:Just to get you thinking!  T/F All bacteria are harmful! T/F Only animals move. T/F All animals are vertebrates. T/F Humans are not animals. T/F Mushrooms are plants. T/F Viruses are living cells.

  2. Section 17.3 - Domains and Kingdoms • Today’s biological classification system has six kingdoms within three domains. The three domains are: • Archaea • Eubacteria (Bacteria) • Eukarya (Eukaryota) • Organisms are classified into domains according to cell type and structure.

  3. Domains and Kingdoms (cont.) • Within the domains are six kingdoms: • Archaea (or Archaebacteria) • Eubacteria • Protists • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia • Organisms are arranged into kingdoms based on cell type, structure, and nutrition.

  4. (BACTERIA) (BACTERIA)

  5. Domain Archaea • Kingdom Archaea or Archaebacteria • Prokaryotes that reproduce asexually • More ancient than bacteria • No peptidoglycan in cell walls • Diverse in nutrition requirements • Most are heterotrophic • Some are autotrophic • Called extremophiles because they live in extreme environments • Boiling hot springs, salty lakes,thermal vents on ocean floor, mud of marshes where there is no oxygen • So may or may not need oxygen to live

  6. Archaea (Extremophiles) http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/sfs/images/life_ext.jpg

  7. Domain Eubacteria (Bacteria) • Kingdom Eubacteria – prokaryotes whose cell wall contains peptidoglycan – a strong polymer of two alternating sugars • A diverse group that can survive in many different environments and that reproduce asexually. • All are unicellular • Some are: • Aerobic (require oxygen) OR • Anaerobic (die in presence of oxygen) • And they are either • Autotrophic (produce their own food) OR • Heterotrophic (get their food from other organisms)

  8. Eubacteria (Peptidoglycan)

  9. Eubacteria Streptococcus pyogenes Escheria coli http://lenta.ru/news/2005/09/30/bacteria/ http://www.microscopyconsulting.com

  10. Domain Eukarya • Eukaryotes • Contains the following Kingdoms: • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

  11. The Domain Eukarya (or Eukaryota)

  12. Kingdom Protista • Domain Eukarya • Eukaryote • Unicellular & Multicellular • Autotrophic & Heterotrophic • Require oxygen (aerobic) • Reproduce sexually or asexually or both • Plant-like – may or may not have cell walls

  13. Kingdom Protista Euglena Amoeba proteus Giant Sea Kelp http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~olaveson/Euglena.html, by Mary Olavsen http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/Protists/protists.htm Paramecium caudatum Slime Mold http://www.eco-pros.com/giant.htm www.genome.gov www.pantransit.reptiles.org

  14. Major Groups of Protista: Fungus-like Animal-like Plant-like

  15. Kingdom Fungi • Domain Eukarya • Eukaryotes • Cell wall, chitin • Unicellular or Multicellular • Heterotrophic • Aerobic • Reproduce sexually, asexually or both

  16. Kingdom Fungi Penicillium notatum Shelf Fungus Yeasts http://www.consilia-sa.ch/Francais/Analytes_A-Z/Allergenes/f_allerg.htm http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/fungi/fungi.html www.sbs.utexas.edu

  17. Major Groups Major Groups of Fungi

  18. Blue-green “algae” or cyanobacteria Chemoautotrophs Spirillus (spiral-shaped) Bacillus (rod-shaped) Coccus (spherical-shaped) Major Groups

  19. Kingdom Plantae • Domain Eukarya • Eukaryotes • Cell wall made of cellulose • Multicellular • Autotrophic (all do photosynthesis) • Oxygen required • Reproduce sexually, asexually or both.

  20. Kingdom Plantae

  21. Plant Diversity Major Groups Bryophytes (non-vascular) Pterophytes (seedless, vascular) Coniferophytes (naked seed, vascular & cone-bearing) Anthophytes (covered seed, vascular & flowering)

  22. Kingdom Animalia • Domain Eukarya • Eukaryotes • No cell wall • Multicellular • All are heterotrophic • Digestion takes place inside the body. • All require oxygen • Reproduce sexually, asexually or both.

  23. Kingdom Animalia

  24. Major Groups of Animals Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals Sponges Worms Insects Fish

  25. What About Viruses? Why don’t we classify them?

  26. Viruses are Non-living! • Viruses are nonliving strands of genetic material within a protein coat. • Not classified into a domain as they are not considered to be living due to the following: • 1. don’t exhibit all 8 characteristics of life • 2. no organelles to take in nutrients or use energy • 3. can’t make proteins • 4. can’t move • 5. can’t replicate on their own – require a host to do so

  27. Viruses (cont.) • Origin: Viruses may have evolved from parts of cells. • Structure: • Capsid = outer layer made up of proteins. • Inside capsid is genetic material which is either • DNA OR • RNA, BUT NEVER BOTH! • Types: Classified by the type of nucleic acids they contain. • DNA Virus, example = smallpox • RNA Virus called a RETROVIRUS = HIV

  28. Bacteriophage: CAPSID This type of virus infects bacterial cells.

  29. Virus Infecting a Host Cell

More Related