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B5 Lesson 10 Digestion

B5 Lesson 10 Digestion. After studying this topic, you should be able to: explain why food has to be digested explain the role of enzymes in chemical digestion describe the functions of the parts of the human digestive system

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B5 Lesson 10 Digestion

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  1. B5 Lesson 10 Digestion After studying this topic, you should be able to: • explain why food has to be digested • explain the role of enzymes in chemical digestion • describe the functions of the parts of the human digestive system • explain how digested food molecules are absorbed into the blood

  2. Starter • Name and describe the function of each part of the human digestive system.

  3. mouth – food is chewed here • salivary glands – releases enzymes into the mouth • oesophagus – a.k.a. gullet • stomach – releases enzymes; churns food • pancreas – releases enzymes into small intestine • liver – makes bile • gall bladder – stores bile and releases it into small intestine • small intestine – food is digested and absorbed here • large intestine – water and minerals are absorbed into the blood, leaving faeces which pass out of the anus (egestion)

  4. The human digestive system

  5. What is the difference between physical digestion and chemical digestion.?

  6. Definition – Physical digestion. • is the breaking of food into smaller pieces by: • chewing in the mouth by teeth • squeezing in the stomach How does this help chemical digestion?

  7. Definition – Chemical digestion Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are digested by enzymes. This is known as chemical digestion.

  8. Can you name the enzyme responsible for digesting each type of food? Food carbohydrates fats (lipids) proteins

  9. These are the enzymes. • Where do they work? Food Type of enzyme carbohydrates carbohydrases fats (lipids) lipases proteins proteases

  10. This is where they work. • What do they break food down into? Food Type of enzyme Part of gut where enzyme works carbohydrates carbohydrases mouth and small intestine fats (lipids) lipases small intestine proteins proteases stomach and small intestine

  11. These are the products of digestion. • Enzymes work well at specific pH values. Look at the table. Food Type of enzyme Part of gut where enzyme works Products of digestion carbohydrates carbohydrases mouth and small intestine Starch, converted to maltose and then to glucose, a simple sugar fats (lipids) lipases small intestine fatty acids and glycerol proteins proteases stomach and small intestine amino acids

  12. What pH values do you think these enzymes work best at and why? • carbohydrases • lipases • proteases

  13. Bile • Liver makes it • Gall bladder stores it • Released into small intestine.

  14. Emulsification

  15. Small intestine • Small digested food molecules are absorbed into the blood plasma or lymph in the small intestine by diffusion

  16. Adaptations of the small intestine • While watching the animation write down a list of adaptation the small intestine has for the efficient adsorption of digested food.

  17. Large Intestine • Adsorbs water and some minerals into blood. • semi-solid waste that is left passes out of the anus – egestion.

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