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ARM May 2003 Aerosol IOP Mission Objectives

This project aims to study vertically resolved aerosol optical properties over the ARM SGP site. It includes extinction and absorption closure, satellite validation, and spatial variability analysis. Utilizing various instruments, the study investigates the aerosol size distribution, hygroscopicity, scattering, absorption, cloud properties, and radiation characteristics. Extensive comparisons between in-situ measurements, lidar, and satellite data provide critical insights into aerosol behavior and sampling techniques. The project also evaluates past campaigns and aircraft measurements for accuracy and consistency.

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ARM May 2003 Aerosol IOP Mission Objectives

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  1. ARM May 2003 Aerosol IOP • Mission Objectives • (based on Schmid/Pilewskie/Strawa/Russell/Redemann/Bergstrom • ARM ST proposal plus possible add-ons) • Vertically resolved aerosol optical properties over the ARM SGP site • Motivation: unrealistic SSA, no closure IAP, BBHR VAP • Extinction closure • Absorption closure • Ad-ons • Satellite validation • Spatial variability

  2. DOE/ARM May 2003 Aerosol IOP CIRPAS Twin Otter Aerosol: number, size distr., hygroscopicity scattering, absorption (PSAP, photo-acoustic, CRD) Cloud: liquid water, CCN, size distr. Radiation: solar and IR up and downwellingbroadband and spectral. Aerosol Optical Depth, H2O In-situ Aerosol Profiles at SGP Groundbased: same + lidars+…

  3. Extinction closure • "Can in situ measurements of aerosol properties account for the solar beam attenuation (extinction) by an aerosol layer or column?" • “How about lidars or satellites?” • Measuring solar beam attenuation by an AATS on the same aircraft as in situ sensors allows an exact match in the aerosol layers described by the attenuation and in situ measurements. • Such comparisons have revealed important insights about aerosol sampling and inadvertent modification in such previous experiments as TARFOX, ACE-2, SAFARI, ACE-Asia, CLAMS …

  4. Extinction closure • AATS-14 • CW-CRD • Neph+PSAP (or Photoacoustic) • From Size Distr. and Comp. (TDMA, PCASP, CAPS, FSSP, APS) • Lidars (CARL, MPL, …) • IAP

  5. Extinction closure between AATS-14 and Neph+PSAP for 14 profiles

  6. Layer AOD Closure in SAFARI-200015 vertical profiles, from Magi et al., subm. JGR 2002

  7. How well did past campaigns do on AATS vs Neph+PSAP comparisons? U.S. East Coast, 1996 (Hegg et al., 1997, Hartley et al., 2000) Eastern Asia, 2001 C-130: Redemann et al., 2003 Twin Otter: Schmid et al., 2003 Canary Islands, 1997 (Schmid et al., 2000) U.S. East Coast, 2001 Hobbs et al., (in preparation) Southern Africa (Magi et al., 2002)

  8. Absorption Closure • PSAP • CW-CRD • Photoacoustic • Aeronet Cimel • Flux Divergence (SSFR)

  9. 2000 m Downwelling Flux: F Upwelling Flux: F Net Flux: F- F Flux Divergence (absorption): (F- F)2000m- (F- F)43m Fractional absorption: [(F- F)2000m- (F- F)43m]/ F2000m 43 m

  10. Satellite Validation (over land)MISR, MODIS, ATSR/2Spatial Variability (MFRs at SPG)

  11. CIRPAS Twin Otter Payload May 2003 IOP

  12. Available Measurement Instrument PI/Organization Aerosol size distribution 10 nm-1µm at 2 RH (one can be ambient) TDMA System (cabin) Caltech Aerosol/cloud size distribution d=0.1-2.5 µm d>0.3 µm PCASP probeCAPS probe CIRPAS Aerosol/cloud size distribution d>0.5 µm FSSP probe CIRPAS Aerosol size distribution d>0.5 µm TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (wing) CIRPAS Total aerosol number concentration Condensation Nucleus Counters (CNCs) CIRPAS Cloud liquid water content Gerber PVM Johnson probe on CAPS CIRPAS Meteorological state parameters: Dry-bulb temperature Dew point temperature Pressure Wind vector (mean) Gust probe CIRPAS Aircraft state parameters: Position Airspeed Pressure altitude Attitude (pitch, roll, yaw) CIRPAS Cloud condensation nuclei supersaturation spectrum New Caltech CCN instrument. Flew in CRYSTAL-FACE Caltech

  13. Available Measurement Instrument PI/Organization Aerosol optical properties TSI Nephelometer 3 wavelengthsSoot Photometer (PSAP 550 nm) (cabin) D. Covert/ U. Wash. Aerosol hygroscopic properties Humidigraph (cabin) 550 nm, RH=20,60,85% D. Covert/ U. Wash Aerosol optical depth (354-1560 or 2140 nm, 14 channels), water vapor, extinction and water vapor density in feasible profiles NASA Ames Airborne Tracking Sunphotometer (AATS-14) B. Schmid/NASA Ames Aerosol light extinction coefficient (690 and 1550 nm) Cavity ring-down extinction cell A. Strawa/NASA Ames Downwelling and Upwelling Solar Irradiance (broadband) Stabilized platform Kipp and Zonen CM-22 pyranometers A. Buchholz/NRL McCoy/SANDIA Downwelling andUpwelling SolarSpectral Irradiance,1320 channels NASA Ames Solar Spectral Flux Radiometer (cabin) P. Pilewskie/NASA Ames Aerosol absorption Photoacoustic Instrument Pat Arnott/DRI

  14. NASA Ames Airborne 14-channel Sunphotometer (AATS-14) AOD and H2O

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