1 / 20

Some medical and biological aspects in the interlock programs for the non offender

Some medical and biological aspects in the interlock programs for the non offender. C.Mercier-Guyon *, M.Mallaret *,  *:C.E.R.M.T. BP 132, 74004, Annecy Cedex, France. The history of breath alcohol detection. First equipments were settled for control of offenders’ BAC: less discussion:

rhea-cook
Download Presentation

Some medical and biological aspects in the interlock programs for the non offender

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Some medical and biological aspects in the interlock programs for the non offender • C.Mercier-Guyon *, M.Mallaret *, •  *:C.E.R.M.T. BP 132, 74004, Annecy Cedex, France

  2. The history of breath alcohol detection • First equipments were settled for control of offenders’ BAC: less discussion: • Simple issues : guilty or not guilty • Priority: to avoid circumvention (volume, hum, negative pression) • Alternative blood sampling at the beginning or still possible today in certain countries • In other countries: no blow means refusal and sanction • Evolution to ignition interlock devices: many people keep the same «strong» point of view in term of medical fitness: “if he is not fit to blow, he is not fit to drive!”

  3. What is a non offender use ? 1/Medical examination for driving fitness: • Personal history of alcohol related problems without any previous offence • Special categories of vehicles 2/Parents choice 3/Insurance cost issues

  4. What is a non offender use ? (2) 4/ Administration: • Driving licences administration managing offenders after « justice time », only in term of fitness • Regulation for special categories of drivers (public transport, dangerous goods,etc)

  5. Who face problems to blow? • Obstructive problems: • Asthma, Chronic bronchitis • Restrictive problems: • Kyphosis, scoliosis, neuro-muscular problems, surgery, paraplegia, obesity, little size or little weight • Combination: • Amyotrophic diseases, age

  6. A LACK OF STUDIES • Most of the studies where led in normal subjects 20 years ago • No recent studies in different categories of patients, elderly people, extreme sizes or weights, handicaps • No recent studies about reduced flow and reliability • No recents studies about interfering substances

  7. RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY

  8. Flow and volumes Normal

  9. A normal subject can blow 80% of is pulmonary volume (3 lit to give 2,4 lit) • A subject with a light restrictive disease will give only 70% (3,4 lit to give 2,4 lit) IRV IC VC TC ERV RFC RV

  10. Minimum size for a capacity of 3 liters

  11. SAAQ exemption for WR2

  12. SAAQ exemption for WR3

  13. Interfering substances • From the body (acetone, 2-Propanol, Methane, etc) • From medicines (Isoprene, Methyl terbutyl ether, etc) • From food (Dimethyl sulfide, Methyl mercaptan, etc)

  14. Many substances can interfere with alcohol detection

  15. The technical issues in non offender programs • False negative means problem for the driver and for the manager in term of responsibility • False positive means lack of confidence in the equipment, time lost = money lost • Out of “family use”, there is a need of reliable equipments able to face • legal consequences • Confidence of customers, especially with business issues

  16. The medical issues • « Integrative » or « selective » model of society • More and more people must work and drive despite a handicap • Disabled people have also to be controlled but cannot always give a sufficient breath sample

  17. The « selective » model is weakening in most of the countries (old drivers, disabled people, speed limits) • The « moral » aspect of alcohol consumption has to be left, due to the low legal limits in many countries, for a « fitness » model which does not allow the same « strong » point of view

  18. Offenders or similar Certified medical exemption based on medical advice and certified tests Or special setting (reduced flow) Specific medical and biological follow up to « compensate » like biological markers: less volume, more controls Training and procedures for interfering substances Commercial or private Simple medical exemption based on medical advice and tests ++ Special setting regarding to the context ?? Alternative procedures for employees unable to give a full sample Information and prevention for interfering substances Two different contexts

  19. CONCLUSIONS • A lack of studies about « new customers » with physical problems or characteristics • A lack of studies about interfering substances • A remaining « offender’s program's point of view which cannot be applied in term of driving fitness or commercial and private issues • A need for more training and information around the programs

  20. Thank you for your attention INTERLOCK PROGRAM SELECTION

More Related