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Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Lebanon: Key Policies and Future Scenarios

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Lebanon: Key Policies and Future Scenarios . K. Karaa, F. Karam and N. Tarabey. WASAMED Workshop, Cairo 7-11 December 2004. Necessity for non Conventional water use in Lebanon. Total Available Water Resources in Lebanon:2000 MCM Total Needs in 2020:

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Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Lebanon: Key Policies and Future Scenarios

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  1. Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Lebanon: Key Policies and Future Scenarios K. Karaa, F. Karam and N. Tarabey WASAMED Workshop, Cairo 7-11 December 2004

  2. Necessity for non Conventional water use in Lebanon • Total Available Water Resources in Lebanon:2000 MCM • Total Needs in 2020: • 2450 MCM with actual Efficiencies Networks • 1998 MCM with ameliorated Efficiencies (80% for potable water and 75% for irrigation ) • Lebanon must search for new non conventional water resources

  3. Non Conventional Water Resources • Drainage water collection : • Flooding area in the Bekaa Valley (5000 ha): • Actually Drainage system is active and collected water is recuperated in the Litani river bed and stocked in Qaraaoun Reservoir • Works for Recalibration and rehabilitation of Litani River and Effluents are ongoing. • Coastal plain area where gravity irrigation technique is practiced • Diminution of drainage water volume by using adequate irrigation techniques • Water drainage reuse at on-farm level with a regular water quality monitoring Gained volumes are insignificants compared to needs

  4. Non Conventional Water Resources • Sea water desalination: Seems to be very costly to Lebanon according to actual cost: 0.5 to 0.6 US$ by Cubic Meter Conclusion: Treated Waste Water is a god solution to assure new water resources

  5. Waste water treatment plan • A master plan for secondary waste water treatment is already elaborated for all Lebanon and Funded at 70.47% of total Cost. • Between 2005 and 2007, constructed plants are previewed to serve until 2015, 88% of the total Lebanese population.

  6. Topographical, demographic and urban conditions • Economical considerations • Incite to preview a master plan where the major part of waste water (55%) is collected on the coastal area. Master plan for waste water treatment in Lebanon

  7. Lebanon Land Form and Plain Areas

  8. Treated waste water reuseBeirut region - 36% of treated waste water is generated by Beirut Treatment Plants (Dora & Ghadir) where agricultural activity is very limited (green houses) and is invested regularly and very fast by urban activities • Beirut region suffer from lack on potable water and to fill up this lack about 3000 wells are drilled. • Underground water suffer from salinity problems • Main treated wastewater volume in Beirut region, can be used to control sea water intrusion

  9. Treated waste water reuseOthers Coastal areas and Inland Regions • Treated water can be entirely used for agriculture purposes • This use is a water quality matter which to be adapted with Lebanese legislation.

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