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The Nazi Party from Formation to Beer Hall Putsch

The Nazi Party from Formation to Beer Hall Putsch. OVERVIEW. Section 1: Origins. 1919 – German Worker’s Party (Anton Drexler) 1919 – Hitler becomes member 555 Up until 1929 – fringe party Key ideas ‘November Criminals’ Anti-Versailles Oppose communism Anti-democracy.

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The Nazi Party from Formation to Beer Hall Putsch

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  1. The Nazi Party from Formation to Beer Hall Putsch OVERVIEW

  2. Section 1: Origins • 1919 – German Worker’s Party (Anton Drexler) • 1919 – Hitler becomes member 555 • Up until 1929 – fringe party • Key ideas • ‘November Criminals’ • Anti-Versailles • Oppose communism • Anti-democracy

  3. Section 2: Development • 1920 – National Socialist German Workers’ Party adopted 25 Point Programme (Drexler / Hitler) • Key ideas:- • Nationalism / racism – YES! • Workers’ party – most popular in rural areas • Socialist ?? • Volkesgemeinschaft • anti-capitalism • Socialist membership – e.g. Rohm and Stasser

  4. Section 3: The Stasser Brothers • Gregor Strasser (joined 1920) • Took part in Munich Putsch • Gifted orator and reorganises the Party after 1925 under Hitler’s leadership • Built up support in Northern Germany • Opposed Hitler’s anti-semitism • 1930 – 2nd most powerful Nazi after Hitler • Otto Strasser (joined 1925) • Former member of SPD • Advocated racism and nationalism • Appealed to lower m/c and workers • Left party in 1930 – opposed abandoning workers

  5. Section 4: Hitler • Background ?? • Skills / abilities ?? • 1921 – resigns over Drexler’s policy to cooperate with other parties • Hofbrauhaus meeting – Hitler invited back into NSDAP and given total control: ousts Drexler • 1921 established Volischer Beobachter (People’s Observer) and the Sturmabteilung (SA) • Received protection from police, judiciary and army leadership • Received support of influential Munich families: Lemanns and Brucksteins

  6. Section 5: The SA • Sturmabteilung – 1920 • By 1933 membership = 1/2m • Led by Ernst Rohm • Thuggish behaviour • Loyalty to Hitler • Hatred of Communism • Disaffected youth • Hitler was invited into government in 1933 in order to control them!

  7. Section 6: Munich, why and how? • Kapp Putsch and Walter Rathenau • Lossow and Kahr (right-wing leaders) encourage an uprising, prompted by the French invasion of the Ruhr • Hitler forced them to consider march on Berlin • SA seize Bavarian government members • Ludendorff (WWI general) lends support • 2,000 Nazis march on Munich, Ebert declares emergency • 14 Nazis killed, Hitler dislocates shoulder and flees • Leading Nazis including Hitler and Stasser along with Ludendorff are arrested • PUTSCH FAILS

  8. Section 7: Munich, consequences • Hitler put on trial – defends his case and achieves national fame • Nazis become 3rd largest party in Bavaria • Judge is a known right-wing sympathiser • Hitler given 5 years and serves only 9 months • Ludendorff let off as he was after Kapp Putsch • Hitler kept in good conditions at Landsberg • Whilst there he dictates Mein Kampf

  9. Section 8: The Nazis After Munich • Due to Hitler’s imprisonment, the NSDAP nearly disintegrates in 1924 • When released Hitler commits party to ‘legal means’ and the Fuhrerprincip to win ‘mass support’ • 1925 Party is reorganised by Gregor Srasser (see p. 114) • 1928 Goebbles appointed as Propaganda Chief • 1929 onwards party takes advantage of the Depression and sees an ‘electoral breakthrough’

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