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Mash

Learn about genetics, the study of how traits pass from parent to offspring, and how genes on chromosomes determine traits. Discover dominant and recessive genes, genotype, and phenotype variations. Understand the role of alleles in determining physical appearance.

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Mash

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  1. Mash

  2. Mesomorph Ectomorph Endomorph

  3. Ectomorph

  4. Endomorph

  5. Mesomorph

  6. What is Genetics? • Genetics – study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring

  7. What are traits determined by? • Traits are determined by the genes on the chromosomes. A gene is a segment of DNA that determines a trait.

  8. Dominant and Recessive Genes • Gene that prevents the other gene from “showing” – dominant • Gene that does NOT “show” even though it is present – recessive • Symbol – Dominant gene – upper case letter – T • Recessive gene – lower case letter – t Recessive color Dominant color

  9. Example: Straight thumb is dominant to hitchhiker thumb T= straight thumb t = hitchhikers thumb (Always use the same letter for the same alleles— No S = straight, h = hitchhiker’s) Straight thumb = TT Straight thumb = Tt Hitchhikers thumb =tt * Must have 2 recessive allelesfor a recessive trait to “show”

  10. Both genes of a pair are the same – • homozygous or purebred • TT – homozygous dominant • tt – homozygous recessive • One dominant and one recessive gene – heterozygous or hybrid • Tt – heterozygous BB – Black Bb – Black w/ white gene bb – White

  11. Genotype and Phenotype • Combination of genes an organism has (actual gene makeup) – genotype • Ex: TT, Tt, tt • Physical appearance resulting from gene make-up – phenotype • Ex: hitchhiker’s thumb or straight thumb

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