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Hazardous Energy

Module 5. Hazardous Energy. DISCLAIMER.

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Hazardous Energy

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  1. Module 5 Hazardous Energy

  2. DISCLAIMER This material was produced under grant number SH-22248-1 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  3. Objectives • After this module you should be able to • identify the most common energy hazards • take the necessary steps to avoid those hazards

  4. Energy Hazards • Energy that is not isolated at its source • Stored energy • Accidental re-energization of equipment • Not controlling the key for your own lock • Maintenance and service on live electrical equipment • Energy disconnects not labeled • Damaged extension cords • Extension cords without grounding prongs • Extension cords not GFCI-protected • Overhead powerlines

  5. What is Lockout/Tagout? • Lockout/tagout (LOTO) is a physical means of stopping the flow of energy (whether electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) from the energy source to the equipment and ultimately to the worker • Lockout/tagout prevents the unexpected startup of the equipment or release of stored energy from the equipment during maintenance or servicing of the equipment

  6. Sequence of Lockout • Notify all affected employees • Identify energy sources • Shut equipment down • De-activate the energy isolating devices • Lockout the energy isolating devices • Dissipate or restrain stored or residual energy • Verify energy isolation

  7. Re-Energizing Equipment • Check equipment and immediate area • Ensure all employees are clear • Verify that controls are in neutral • Remove lockout devices and re-energize the equipment • Notify all affected employees

  8. mud pumps are one example of equipment that must be locked and tagged out before maintenance or servicing follow your company’s lockout/tagout procedures for the specific equipment to be worked on

  9. lockout/tagout equipment must be provided use only approved locks and tags when performing lockout/tagout

  10. a proper lockout/tagout setup for a single authorized employee

  11. Additional Concerns • During third-party or outside contractor operations, the employer’s shall decide which company’s lockout policy to use • During group lockout, each worker must put a lock on the lockout device • During a shift change, the level of protection provided by lockout/tagout necessary to protect workers must be maintained

  12. What Electricity Can Do • 1 mA = 1/1000 Amp • A small drill uses 2.25 Amps • 1 mA = perception level, slight tingling • 5 mA = slight shock, not painful • 6-30 mA = painful shock, can’t let go • 50-150 mA = extreme pain, respiratory arrest • 1-4.3 Amps = ventricular fibrillation, death likely • 10 Amps = cardiac arrest, probable death

  13. Electrical Protection • Electric power tools must have a true ground or be double insulated • Extension cords must be rated for commercial outdoor use • Extension cords must have a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) connected • it can be hard wired into the circuit or you can attach a portable GFCI [such as below]

  14. damage of an extension cord through the outer jacket, exposing the conductors and ground wire Corrective Action: this cord must be taken out of service (note that minor cuts or nicks are allowed)

  15. an extension cord with the ground plug missing Corrective Actions: cut into pieces and discard this cord; replace with a grounded extension cord

  16. cables can become damaged with nicks, cuts, etc. the possibility of damage is reduced, however these cables are held up with conductive chain

  17. this is a good example of properly labeled electrical components all electrical disconnects should be labeled accordingly

  18. Electrical Hazard Clues • Clues that electrical hazards exist • tripped circuit breakers or blown fuses • warm tools, wires, cords, connections, or junction boxes • GFCI that shuts off a circuit • worn or frayed insulation around wire or connection

  19. overhead powerlines are a constant threat to equipment and trucking operators Corrective Action: you, your equipment, and materials should stay at least 10 feet away from overhead powerlines

  20. If You Contact a Powerline • The equipment you are operating and the ground around it is energized • Stay in the equipment if possible • Warn all others to stay away • Notify the power company immediately

  21. If You Contact a Powerline • If you must get out of the equipment • keep both feet together at all times • hop or shuffle out of the area

  22. Revisions to NFPA 70E • As a result of the injuries and deaths related to arc flash, changes/additions have been incorporated into the National Fire Protection Association publication number 70E, the most recent version being NFPA 70E-2004. • qualified persons only • arc flash analysis • PPE for any exposed body part • PPE according to standard • PPE with proper arc flash rating

  23. Arc Flash • Arc flash results from an arcing fault, where electric arcs and resulting radiation and shrapnel cause severe burns, hearing damage, and eye injuries • To minimize risk • switch remotely if possible • stand aside and away as much as possible • avoid touching switchgear or metallic surfaces • use proper tools and PPE

  24. a good example of arc flash PPE

  25. Applicable Standards • 1910.147 Control of Hazardous Energy • 1910 Subpart S Electrical • 1926 Subpart K Electrical • NFPA 70E • API RP 54 Section 10 Drilling and Well Servicing Rig Electrical Systems

  26. Your Employer Is Responsible For • Creating lockout/tagout procedures • Training employees to become authorized employees and ensuring only they perform lockout/tagout • Providing all necessary equipment and PPE to ensure your safety

  27. You Are Responsible For • Following your company’s lockout/tagout procedures • Inspecting electric power tools and extension cords before each use • Operating heavy equipment and cranes at least 10’ away from overhead powerlines • Wearing the appropriate PPE

  28. Case Study A worker began repairing a cable that had been damaged by a truck after he deenergized the cable. Another worker reenergized it not knowing what he was doing. The worker making the repair was holding the cable and died instantly.

  29. Case Study A pump being moved with a gin pole truck came into contact with or came near an electrical line. A worker stabilizing the load with his hands received electric current through his heart killing him on the spot.

  30. Always Remember • Follow lockout/tagout procedures • Label all breakers, switches, and other disconnects • Wear appropriate ppe • Be aware of powerlines • Inspect extension cords frequently

  31. Memory Check • You, your equipment, and materials should stay at least how many feet away from overhead powerlines? • 6 inches • 10 feet • 30 feet • 100 feet

  32. Memory Check • What must be connected to each extension cord that is in use? • an AC/DC convertor • a GFCI • a 3-to-2 prong adaptor • a cord reel

  33. Memory Check • What should an equipment operator who has contacted an overhead powerline NOT do? • stay in the equipment, if possible • jump with feet apart • shuffle or hop across the ground • warn all others to stay away

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