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Cognitive views of Learning

Cognitive views of Learning. The Information Processing Theory . Information Processing Theory. Sensory Memory Initial processing from five senses Very large capacity Duration between 1-3 seconds Information coded in sensory memory as sensations experienced ( eg . Photos, sounds, etc).

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Cognitive views of Learning

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  1. Cognitive views of Learning

  2. The Information Processing Theory

  3. Information Processing Theory • Sensory Memory • Initial processing from five senses • Very large capacity • Duration between 1-3 seconds • Information coded in sensory memory as sensations experienced (eg. Photos, sounds, etc)

  4. Information Processing Theory • Perception • Detecting a stimulus and assigning meaning to it • Gestalt theory • Organizing sensory information into patterns or relationships Perception / Gestalt • Sensory • memory • Working • memory Attention

  5. The Information Processing Theory • Working Memory • Workbench of the memory system • Contains information the brain is working on at the moment • Includes both temporary storage and active processing • 7 +- 2, or 5 to 9 items • Contains Central Executive / Phonological Loop / Visuospatial Sketchpad

  6. The Information Processing Theory • Elaborative Rehearsal • Keeping information in memory by connecting it to previously held knowledge • Maintenance Rehearsal • Keeping information in memory by repeating it to oneself • Forgetting • Interference • Information entering memory is “interfered” with • Decay • Information in memory is lost through lack of use Rehearsal / Practice Fail to retrieve Forgetting Rehearsal / Practice Forgetting

  7. Information Processing Theory Continued • Long Term Memory • Capacity, Duration, and Contents • Declarative Knowledge • Procedural Knowledge • Self-Regulatory Knowledge

  8. The Information Processing Theory • Storing and Retrieving Information • Organization • Ordered and logical networks of relations • Elaboration • Adding and extending meaning by connecting new information to old • Context • The physical or emotional backdrop associated with an event • Levels of Processing Theory • The amount of time information will remain in memory is directly related to the level of analysis and connection to other information

  9. Information Processing Theory • Study strategies • Note-taking • Which requires mental processing of ideas • Provide skeletal notes • Underlining • Summarizing • Writing to learn • Outlining / mapping • PQ4R (preview, question, read, reflect, recite, and review)

  10. References • Woolfolk, A. (2006). Educational psychology (11th Ed.). Allyn bacon • http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/cogsys/infoproc.html • http://classweb.gmu.edu/ndabbagh/Resources/IDKB/models_theories.htm

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