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Explore diverse cultures and societies through the lens of photographer Peter Menzel, from the traditional agricultural lifestyle in Bhutan to the modern struggles in Cuba. Witness the evolution of families over time amidst social, medical, and environmental difficulties. Experience the contrasts between past wealth and present challenges in Mali, Kuwait, and South Africa. Delve into the nomadic lifestyle of Mongolia, the dynamic changes in Japan and China, and the vibrant tapestry of India's varied terrains. Immerse yourself in the rich heritage of Thailand, Samoa, and Mexico as they navigate tradition and modernization. Each photograph encapsulates the essence and evolution of different societies, reflecting on their past and present.
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Material World photographer Peter Menzel with Buddhist monks in Bhutan
United States • Third largest country; largest national economy • Three-quarters Christian • Modern societal strains
Bhutan • Small, mountainous country • Traditional agricultural lifestyle • Social, medical, and environmental difficulties
Cuba • Island country in the Caribbean • Major sugar producer in the 19th century; African slaves • Fidel Castro
This photograph shows the family in 2001, along with the new possessions they’d acquired since the original photograph was taken.
Mali • Vast mineral resources and cultural wealth • A very poor country • At one time, a very wealthy kingdom • Former French colony
This photograph shows the family in 2001, along with the new possessions they’d acquired since the original photograph was taken.
Kuwait • Small country along the Persian Gulf • Vast petroleum resources • Economy flourished in the 20th century • Severely damaged by 1990 Iraq invasion
South Africa • Mineral wealth • Apartheid • Soweto
Mongolia • Sparsely populated • Formerly communist, now democratic • One-third of people are nomadic or semi-nomadic; one-third live in the capital city
This photograph shows the family in 2001, along with the new possessions they’d acquired since the original photograph was taken.
Japan • Major changes in the past century • Most people live in urban areas on the coasts • Similarities and differences between Japanese and American families
This photograph shows the family in 2001, along with the new possessions they’d acquired since the original photograph was taken.
China • Communist Country • Most populous country with 1.4 billion people • Communist gov’t enacted one child policy to curb overpopulation, switched to two child policy in 2015
India • Second most populous country with 1.2 billion people • Vast terrain – from Himalayan peaks to Indian Ocean coastline • Population density is 386 people/km2
Iceland • A highly developed country • Natural energy resources
Thailand • Never colonized • Relatively stable government and growing economy • Buddhist culture
Samoa • Formerly called Western Samoa • Traditional culture with some modernization • Christianity
Mexico • World’s largest Spanish-speaking country • Rapid industrialization • Emerging middle class • Increasing urbanization