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This article provides policy recommendations and guidelines for the prevention and control of influenza in children, including vaccination, antiviral treatment, and diagnostic tests.
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FIGURE 1 Selected underlying medical conditions in patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza, FluSurv-NET 2014–2015. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FluView 2014–2015 Preliminary Data as of August 13, 2015. Available at: gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/FluHospChars.html American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
FIGURE 2 Number of 2015–2016 seasonal influenza vaccine doses for children 6 months through 8 years of age. *The 2 doses need not have been received during the same season or consecutive seasons. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
FIGURE 3 Precautions for administering IIV to presumed egg-allergic children. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
TABLE 1 Pediatric Deaths and Hospitalizations by Season and Predominant Strain American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
TABLE 2 People at Higher Risk of Influenza Complications Recommended for Antiviral Treatment of Suspected or Confirmed Influenza American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
TABLE 3 Recommended Seasonal Influenza Vaccines for Different Age Groups: United States, 2015--2016 Influenza Season American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
TABLE 4 Recommended Dosage and Schedule of Influenza Antiviral Medications for Treatment and Chemoprophylaxis for the 2015—2016 Influenza Season: United States American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.
TABLE 5 Comparison of Types of Influenza Diagnostic Tests Adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Guidance for clinicians on the use of rapid influenza diagnostic tests. Available at: www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/clinician_guidance_ridt.htm. Accessed June 30,2015. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Policy Statement—Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016. Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2920. Available at: http://pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2015-2920.