TREATMENT OF THE JUVENILE OFFENDER II ISSUES IN ASSESSMENT AND CASE PLANNING

1. TREATMENT OF THE JUVENILE OFFENDERIIISSUES IN ASSESSMENT AND CASE PLANNING DR. ROBERT D. HOGE DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY CARLETON UNIVERSITY OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1S 5B6 613-520-5773 robert_hoge@carleton.ca

2. ISSUES IN ASSESSMENT

3. PURPOSES OF ASSESSMENT • DETENTION DECISIONS • WAIVERS TO ADULT COURT/MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM • COMPETENCY TO STAND TRIAL • DISPOSITIONS/SENTENCING • PROGRAMMING DECISIONS

4. CLINICAL VS STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENTS • CLINICAL ASSESSMENTS RELY ON THE INFORMAL AND UNSTRUCTURED COLLECTION OF INFORMATION. • STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENTS REPRESENT STRUCTURED FORMATS FOR COLLECTING AND INTEGRATING INFORMATION.

5. CATEGORIES OF ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS & PROCEDURES

6. PSYCHOMETRIC INSTRUMENTS APPROPRIATE FOR USE BY MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS • STANDARDIZED IQ TESTS SUCH AS THE WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN • STANDARDIZED PERSONALITY TESTS SUCH AS MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC INVENTORY-ADOLESCENT

7. BEHAVIOURAL CHECKLISTS & RATING SCALES APPROPRIATE FOR USE BY SYSTEM PROFESSIONALS WITH SPECIAL TRAINING • CHILD BEHAVIOUR CHECKLIST • ANTISOCIAL PROCESS SCREENING DEVICE • BROWN ATTENTION-DEFICIT DISORDERS SCALES • HOW I THINK QUESTIONNAIRE • CRIMINAL SENTIMENTS SCALE

8. BROAD-BASED RISK/NEEDS INSTRUMENTS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE BROAD ASSESSMENTS OF RISK AND NEED FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH YOUTH CRIME. SOME ARE CLINICALLY BASED AND SOME ARE RESEARCH BASED

9. EXAMPLES OF BROAD-BASED RISK/NEEDS INSTRUMENTS • EARLY ASSESSMENT OF RISK LIST FOR BOYS/GIRLS • ESTIMATE OF RISK OF ADOLESCENT SEXUAL OFFENCE RECIDIVISM • STRUCTURED ASSESSMENT OF VIOLENCE RISK IN YOUTH • YOUTH LEVEL OF SERVICE/CASE MANAGEMENT INVENTORY

10. YOUTH LEVEL OF SERVICE/CASE MANAGEMENT INVENTORY PURPOSE THE INSTRUMENT IS DESIGNED TO ASSIST THE PROFESSIONAL WORKER IN THE COLLECTION AND SYNTHESIS OF RISK, NEED, AND RESPONSIVITY INFORMATION AND THE LINKING OF THAT INFORMATION WITH CASE PLANNING.

11. COMPONENTS OF THE YLS/CMI • PART I ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND NEEDS • PART II SUMMARY OF RISK/NEEDS • PART III ASSESSMENT OF OTHER NEEDS/ SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS • PART IV CASE MANAGER ASSESSMENT • PART V CONTACT LEVEL • PART VI CASE MANAGEMENT PLAN

12. ISSUES IN CASE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

13. GUIDES FOR EFFECTIVE CASE MANAGEMENT • EMPLOY STRUCTURED ASSESSMENTS OF RISK, NEED, AND RESPONSIVITY • OBSERVE THE RISK, NEED, AND RESPONSIVITY RULES • BUILD ON STRENGTH FACTORS • CONSIDER THE DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL OF THE YOUTH

14. GUIDES FOR EFFECTIVE CASE MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) • DEVELOP A POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE YOUTH • SELECT EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS • EMPHASIZE CAREFUL SELECTION AND TRAINING OF PERSONNEL • MONITOR PROGRESS ON A REGULAR BASIS

15. TIPS FOR CASE PLANNING • DEFINE NEEDS IN SPECIFIC TERMS • PRIORITIZE RISK AND NEED AREAS • IDENTIFY RELEVANT STRENGTHS • IDENTIFY BARRIERS • IDENTIFY INCENTIVES • EVALUATE READINESS AND MOTIVATION FOR CHANGE • SELECT INTERVENTIONS

16. EXAMPLES OF EVIDENCE-BASED PROGRAMMES • FUNCTIONAL FAMILY THERAPY • PARENT MANAGEMENT TRAINING • MULTISYSTEMIC THERAPY • MULTIDIMENSIONAL TREATMENT FOSTER CARE • AGGRESSION REPLACEMENT TRAINING • VIEWPOINTS • TIME TO THINK • EQUIP PROGRAM

17. EXAMPLES OF INEFFECTIVE APPROACHES • NON-DIRECTIVE THERAPY • PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACHES • TALKING CURES • MOST DRUG EDUCATION PROGRAMS • MOST SELF-HELP PROGRAMS • SHAMING STRATEGIES • ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM APPROACHES

18. EXAMPLES OF CANADIAN PROGRAMS

19. SOME PROVISIONS OF THE CANADIAN YOUTH CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT • EXTRAJUDICIAL MEASURES (DIVERSION) • EXTRAJUDICIAL SANCTIONS • PROBATION • CUSTODY (OPEN OR CLOSED) • INTENSIVE REHABILITATIVE CUSTODY & SUPERVISION • POST-RELEASE SUPERVISION

20. ATTENDANCE CENTRE PROGRAMME[JOHN HOWARD SOCIETY OTTAWA] • TARGET GROUP: HIGH RISK 16 & 17 YEAR OLDS WITH OPEN CUSTODY DISPOSITIONS OR RECENT RELEASE FROM CUSTODY • COMMUNITY-BASED TREATMENT PROGRAMME • PHASES: ASSESSMENT (YLS/CMI); INDIVIDUAL (CASE PLANNING/TREAT READINESS); GROUP SESSIONS; INDIVIDUAL (RELEASE PLANNING)

21. ATTENDANCE CENTRE MODULES[COUNTER POINT] • ATTITUDE & BEHAVIOUR CHANGE • FRIENDS & OTHER INFLUENCES • ALTERNATIVES TO AGGRESSION • PROSOCIAL PROBLEM SOLVING • ALCOHOL & DRUG USE • EDUCATION & EMPLOYMENT • RELAPSE PREVENTION

22. A DIFFERENT STREET PROGRAMME[JOHN HOWARD SOCIETY OTTAWA & EASTERN ONTARIO YOUTH JUSTICE SERVICES] • TARGET GROUP: 16 TO 20 YEAR OLDS RELEASED FROM CUSTODY & HOMELESS • 12 APARTMENTS HOUSING 24 YOUTH • YLS/CMI ASSESSMENT AT INTAKE & CLOSURE • ASSIST IN ADJUSTING TO COMMUNITY LIVING & ADDRESSING SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, EDUCATIONAL & EMPLOYMENT NEEDS

23. OTTAWA POLICE DIVERSIONPROGRAMME[BOYS & GIRLS CLUB & OTTAWA POLICE SERVICE] • DIVERSION PROVISION OF YCJA • DIVERT YOUTH OUT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM BUT PROVIDE NEEDED SERVICES • INITIAL DECISION AT DISCRETION OF POLICE OFFICER • STRUCTURED ASSESSMENT BY PROGRAMME STAFF • CHOICE OF ACTION: WARNING, FORMAL CAUTION, RERERRAL TO COMMUNITY SERVICES • MODERATE OR HIGH RISK CASES PROVIDED COMMUNITY-BASED TREATMENTS

24. PROGRAMS OF THE DURHAM FAMILY COURT CLINIC • FAMILY MEDIATION SERVICES • CLINICAL ASSESSMENT SERVICES • VIOLENCE PREVENTION PROGRAM • GANG PREVENTION PROGRAM • COLLABORATIVE DAY TREATMENT • COMMUNITY SUPPORT TEAM • INTENSIVE SUPPORT AND SUPERVISION PROGRAM

25. BARRIERS TO THE DELIVERY OF SERVICES • LIMITED RESOURCES • INEFFECTIVE PROGRAMS • FRAGMENTATION OF SERVICES • EXCESSIVE MORALIZING

26. SOURCES OF OPTIMISM • ADVANCES IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN YOUTH • ADVANCES IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT DOES AND DOES NOT WORK • LARGE NUMBER OF COMMITTED PROFESSIONALS INVOLVED IN THE SYSTEM