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Crisis and absolutism in Europe

Crisis and absolutism in Europe. 1550-1715. Religious Crisis. Spain Insisted on strict conformity to Catholicism All conquered lands had to conform and some resisted Saw themselves as the “savior of Catholicism” England Leader of Protestant nations of Europe Church and state were one

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Crisis and absolutism in Europe

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  1. Crisis and absolutism in Europe 1550-1715

  2. Religious Crisis • Spain • Insisted on strict conformity to Catholicism • All conquered lands had to conform and some resisted • Saw themselves as the “savior of Catholicism” • England • Leader of Protestant nations of Europe • Church and state were one • Battle with Spanish Armada, but England prevailed • France • Protestants were persecuted • French Civil Wars • Between Catholics and Huguenots (protestants) • Edict of Nantes Issued-Recognized Catholicism as official religion, but Huguenots were free to worship

  3. Economic & Social Crisis • Economic • Economic slowdown • Social • Population Decline: War, Famine, Plague • Witchcraft Hysteria

  4. Thirty Years War • Between many different countries throughout Europe • Primarily a religious war • Causes • Religion • Political motives • Territorial motives • Effects • All major European powers except England were involved • End of Holy Roman Empire

  5. Revolutions in England • Struggle between the King and Parliament • Arguing over what role each should play in governing England • The Stuart Dynasty arose and members believed in the divine right of kings-their power to rule came from God • Many distrusted this absolute right • Civil war erupted between supporters of the king and Parliament • Supporters of the Parliament won

  6. Response to Crisis: Absolutism • Absolutism is a system in which a ruler holds total power • Tied to the divine right of kings • Reign of Louis XIV is the best example of this in the 17th century • Known as the Sun King because he was a source of light for all of his people • Centralized government at Versailles • Increased France’s financial power in Europe • Developed a strong standing army to protect France and increase territory

  7. New Political Ideas • Thomas Hobbes • Early social contract • To keep from destroying one another, people form a state • John Locke • Natural rights • Rights that people are born with

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