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DNA and Protein Synthesis

DNA and Protein Synthesis. The building blocks of all nucleic acids are the: Nucleotides Nitrogen bases Peptides Proteins. During replication, molecules of DNA are most likely separated between the: Phosphate and sugar Ribose and adenine Cytosine and guanine Adenine and uracil.

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DNA and Protein Synthesis

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  1. DNA and Protein Synthesis

  2. The building blocks of all nucleic acids are the: • Nucleotides • Nitrogen bases • Peptides • Proteins

  3. During replication, molecules of DNA are most likely separated between the: • Phosphate and sugar • Ribose and adenine • Cytosine and guanine • Adenine and uracil

  4. The triplet TAG is an strand of DNA would be represented by ______ in the tRNA? • ATC • UAG • TAG • AUC

  5. A chain of 60 amino acids represents how many nucleotides in the mRNA chain? • 120 • 30 • 180 • 20

  6. The DNA molecule is __ charged, therefore in gel electrophoresis it migrates toward the __ electrode. • A. positive, negative • B. positive, positive • C. negative, negative • D. negative, positive

  7. The agent responsible for cutting the DNA into fragments is called • A. restriction enzymes • B. polymerase • C. ligase • D. agarose gel

  8. If a mutation occurs in a segment of a DNA molecule, it is reasonable to conclude that: • enzyme synthesis is not affected. • protein synthesis is unchanged. • the complementary RNA would also be altered. • the mutation is harmful to the organism.

  9. The structure of a DNA molecule is • A. a ladder • B. a helix • C. a double helix • D. a single strand

  10. The 3 components of a nucleotide are • A. 5 carbon sugar, a protein and a phosphate. • B. 5 carbon sugar, a nitrogen base and a phosphate. • C. 5 carbon sugar, a purine and a fatty acid. • D. 5 carbon sugar, a pyrimidine and a fatty acid.

  11. The pyrimidines of DNA are • A. thymine and cytosine. • B. cytosine and guanine. • C. thymine and guanine. • D. adenine and thymine.

  12. The nitrogen base NOT found in DNA is • A. cytosine. • B. adenine. • C. uracil. • D. thymine.

  13. If cytosine is 20% of a DNA molecule, then what percentage is thymine? • A. 20% • B. 40% • C. 30% • D. 80%

  14. When DNA and RNA are compared: • DNA is found to contain more amino acids than RNA. • DNA contains a different sugar from RNA. • the molecules are interchangeable. • DNA is single stranded while RNA is double stranded.

  15. The function of mRNA is to • bring amino acids to the site of protein production • move the ribosome along the copied DNA code to produce a protein • carry instruction from the chromosomes to the ribosomes • help with the replication of DNA molecules

  16. tRNA functions in the synthesis of proteins by • serving as a base for any amino acid attachment. • bringing the proper amino-acids to the m-RNA. • imitating the transcription process. • transferring ribose sugar to the ribosome.

  17. If DNA has the coding AGCTAC mRNA will have the corresponding • A) UAUGGA. • B) UTUGCG. • C) UCGAUG. • D) TATGGA.

  18. The direction of transfer of genetic information in most living things is • A. protein  DNA  RNA • B. DNA  protein  RNA • C. DNA  RNA  protein • D. RNA  DNA  protein

  19. Which of the following events must occur between mRNA production and protein production? • A. transcription • B. DNA replication • C. exons must be removed • D. introns must be removed

  20. The process by which a cell reads codons on an mRNA molecule to synthesize a protein is called • A. transcription. • B. translation. • C. mutation. • D. transpiration.

  21. If a guanine were to replace a thymine nitrogen base in a DNA chain, this would result in • A. frame-shift mutation • B. point mutation • C. nondisjunction • D. polyploidy

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