Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

1. Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

2. Introduction Founded in 2001, in few years IREA has reached a level of excellence that ranks it among the top 20 institutes of CNR,as emerged from the last evaluation process of CNR institutes carried out in 2010. Mission Development of methodologies and technologies for acquisition, processing, fusion and interpretation of images and data obtained by electromagnetic sensors operating on satellite, aircraft and in situ, aimed at monitoring environment and territory, at non-invasive diagnostic and at evaluation of electromagnetic risk. Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

3. Milano Support Unit Sirmione (BS) ExperimentalStation Napoli Headquarters Sites Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

4. Staff Permanent staff Researchers and Technologists 34 Technicians 4 Amministrative staff 3 Total 41 Training personnel Research grant holders 24 Scholarship holders 4 PhD students 6 Total 34 Visiting scientists 5 Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

5. Budget Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

6. Position in the reserach scenario • Projects EU-FP7, ESA, ASI, etc. • Centre of Competence of the Italian Civil Protection for satellite • monitoring of Earth surface deformation • Collaborations with many universities and research centers, national • and international organizations and companies. Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

7. Research lines • - Microwave remote sensing • - Optical remote sensing • - Electromagnetic diagnostics • - Geographic Information Systems • - Bioelectromagnetics • IREA is also involved in projects of public communication of science and science education Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

8. Research lines Microwave remote sensing Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

9. Main Activities • Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) for analysis of deformation of single events • Multipass DInSAR: SBAS technique for generation of accurate velocity maps and time series of deformations • Multi-Dimensional SAR Imaging • Airborne SAR interferometry techniques • Skills: • Signal and image processing • Electromagnetism • Informatics • Geophysics Main interactions • Scientific institutions: JPL, DLR, INGV, Universities (Napoli, Roma, Pisa …) • Other institutions: ESA, ASI, • Companies: Telespazio, Carlo Gavazzi Space, Advanced Computer Systems • End Users: Civil Protection, Local Administrations • Social and industrial fallouts: • Monitoring of natural hazards volcanoes earthquakes landslides • Security monitoring of infrastructures and urban areas Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

10. Main Activities • Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) for analysis of deformation of single events • MultipassDInSAR: SBAS technique for generation of accurate velocity maps and time series of deformations • Multi-Dimensional SAR Imaging • Airborne SAR interferometrytechniques Measure the Earth's surface deformations • Applications to the study of: • Volcanicphenomena • Seismicevents • Landslides • Deformation of single structures (buildings) Surface deformation caused by the Emilia Romagna (Italy) earthquake sequence (29/05/12) retrieved via DInSAR Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

11. Main Activities • Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) for analysis of deformation of single events • MultipassDInSAR: SBAS technique for generation of accurate velocity maps and time series of deformations • Multi-Dimensional SAR Imaging • Airborne SAR interferometrytechniques Measure the temporal evolution of deformations • Algorithm developed totally at IREA (SBAS) • Products: maps and time series of deformation • Usability of results through WEBGIS technology SBAS DInSAR results relevant to the Napoli area Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

12. Main Activities • Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) for analysis of deformation of single events • MultipassDInSAR: SBAS technique for generation of accurate velocity maps and time series of deformations • Multi-Dimensional SAR Imaging • Airborne SAR interferometrytechniques Transition from 2D to 3D through the coherent combination of images acquired on different orbits Enables to trace and monitor in particular structures and buildings Technique awarded by the IEEE Society in July 2011 Example of 3D reconstruction of Mirage Hotel in Las-Vegas from data TerraSAR-X at 1m spatial resolution Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

13. Airborne DInSAR analysis SRTM DEM Airborne DEM (res.90 m) (res. 2,5 m) Main Activities • Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) for analysis of deformation of single events • MultipassDInSAR: SBAS technique for generation of accurate velocity maps and time series of deformations • Multi-Dimensional SAR Imaging • Airborne SAR interferometrytechniques • Advantages • high operational flexibility • Applications • generation of accurate Digital Elevation • Models (DEM) • monitoring of environmental risks IREA manages the interferometric upgrading (funded by CNR) of the  airborne SAR system TELAER: the first test flights are expected in September 2012. From left: DInSAR analysis using data acquired from aircraft - Telaer Airborne SAR System - Comparison between SAR DEM SRTM and aircraft SAR DEM Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

14. Main infrastructures Cluster for remote sensing data processing designed and built at IREA 128 processing units (cores) 512 GB of RAM about 90 TB available disk space Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

15. Research lines Optical Remote Sensing Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

16. Main Activities • Automatic Interpretation of Images • Modeling and retrieval of bio-geophysical parameters • Monitoring of the environment • Proximal sensing and Cal/Val activities • Skills: • Advanced techniques for the creation of thematic maps of the area • Modeling of radiative transfer • Definition of integrated indicators for the characterization the state of the environment • Methodologies and tools for in situ acquisition of spectroradiometric measurements Main interactions: • Scientific institutions: IES-JRC, CSIRO, IRRI Universities: PoliMi, Milano Bicocca, Parma, Leicester, Maryland • Other institutions: ESA, ASI • Companies : Carlo Gavazzi Space, BLOM-CGR, EXELIS, SarMap • End Users: Ministry of Environment, ISPRA, Local Administrations, ENI spa Main fallouts: • Methods of analysis of time series for the RICs in Africa(GeoLand1-2, FP6 & FP7) • Distributed phenological information for agronomic modeling (IRRI) • Multiannual database of fires in the National Parks (Ministry of Environment) • Mapping water quality and toxic algae bloom (ARPA e ISPRA) Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

17. Main Activities • AutomaticInterpretation of Images • Modeling and retrieval of bio-geophysical parameters • Monitoring of the environment • Proximalsensing and Cal/Val activities Automatic generation of burned area maps by fuzzy integration of spectral indice sets able to exploit the bipolar information of positive and negative evidences Croatia - Burned Area Map (Landsat-5 TM, 04 Sep 2003, RGB: 543) Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

18. Main Activities • AutomaticInterpretation of Images • Modelingand retrieval of bio-geophysical parameters • Monitoring of the environment • Proximalsensing and Cal/Val activities • Monitoring of inland and coastal water quality • Monitoring of natural / agricultural ecosystems health status by interpreting the signal recorded by satellite in physical measurements Maps of water quality parameters (chl-a, suspended solids, yellow substance) Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment

19. Main infrastructures Optical-electronic laboratory • collection center for the scientific instrumentation to be used in calibration / validation activities related to remote sensing data processing • optical bench to be used for laboratory measurements Experimental Station “Eugenio Zilioli” LTER sampling station (Long TermEcologicalResearch), an international Network which brings together 39 countries on five continents on issues of ecological research. • Houses the Environmental Unit of the Municipality of Sirmione (CRA) promoting divulgation activities in the field of remote sensing of the environment Equipped with: • Teaching laboratory for analysis on water • Boat for periodic measurements on the lake Institute for electromagnetic sensing of the environment