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Critical Elements of the IBM System 360

Critical Elements of the IBM System 360. Jeff Schreibman CS585: Computer Architecture Summer 2002. Introduction. IBM in the early 1960’s IBM’s vision for the System 360 Success of the 360. Critical Elements. Forward and Backward Compatibility

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Critical Elements of the IBM System 360

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  1. Critical Elements of the IBM System 360 Jeff Schreibman CS585: Computer Architecture Summer 2002

  2. Introduction • IBM in the early 1960’s • IBM’s vision for the System 360 • Success of the 360

  3. Critical Elements • Forward and Backward Compatibility • Separation Between Architecture and Implementation • Integration of Scientific and Business Efficiency • Extensive Use of Microprogramming

  4. Forward and Backward Compatibility • Family concept • Compatibility throughout product line • Configurable at both hardware and software levels • Trade-off: performance

  5. Separation of Architecture and Implementation • Use of the same ISA created clear separation • Modularity of architecture and implementation increased • Trade-off: performance

  6. Integration of Scientific and Business Efficiency • Break the common construct • General-purpose machine (first successful venture of its type) • Booming business spurred from this • Trade-off: performance (see the trend here…)

  7. Extensive Use of Microprogramming • Micro-programs accomplish tasks in different ways (with different instructions) • CISC was needed

  8. 360/370 Architecture Components • Sixteen 32 bit, general purpose registers • 4 double-precision (64-bit) floating-point registers • Program status word (PSW) holds the PC, some control flags, and the condition codes

  9. Instruction Set Format Register 0 is special when used in addressing mode (NOTE: zero is always substituted) These are covered more extensively in the next 3 slides, but here is their general format.

  10. 5 Instruction Formats • RR (register-register) • RX (register-indexed) • RS (register-storage) • SI (storage-immediate) • SS (storage-storage)

  11. The 360/370 Instruction Formats

  12. Typical IBM 360 Instructions with their Meanings

  13. SUCCESS! • “In the 6 years from 1965-1971, IBM’s gross income increased 2.3 times from $3.6 billion to $8.3 billion and net earnings after taxes increased 2.3 times from $477 million to $1.1 billion. In 1982, the descendants of System 360 accounted for more than half of IBM’s gross income.” (Gifford and Spector, 1987)

  14. Summary • IBM’s Vision • Critical Elements of the IBM System 360 • Forward and Backward Compatibility • Separation Between Architecture and Implementation • Integration of Scientific and Business Efficiency • Extensive Use of Microprogramming • The Result: Lasting Success!

  15. Bibliography •  Amdahl, G. M., G. A. Blaauw, et al. (1964). “Architecture of the IBM System/360.” Readings in Computer Architecture. G. Sohi. San Fransico, California, Morgan Kaufmann: 17- 27. • Gifford, D. and A. Spector (1987, April). "Case Study: IBM's System/360-370 Architecture." Communications of the ACM30(4): 292-307. • Hennessy, John. and Patterson, David. (1990). Computer Architechture: A Quantitative Approach. San Mateo, California, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc. • Murdocca, M. and V. Heuring (2000). Principles of Computer Architecture. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall. • Shaaban, Muhammad (2002) “Introduction to Computer Design, The Design Hierarchy, Technology Trends, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Characteristics and Classifications, CISC Vs. RISC.” http://meseec.ce.rit.edu/eecc550-spring2002/550-3-11-2002.ppt (Slide 57). • Shustek, K. “BUILDING SUPERCOMPUTERS,” URL: http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/Shustek/ShustekTour-03.html.

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