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FRENCH ABSOLUTISM

FRENCH ABSOLUTISM. THE RISE OF ABSOLUTE MONARCHS (1650-1750). “Absolute power corrupts absolutely” The Divine Right of Kings The Modern Nation State. THEMES. Weak Medieval Kings Power Feudal Nobel Lords Religious Wars France, England*, Spain (Western)

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FRENCH ABSOLUTISM

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  1. FRENCH ABSOLUTISM THE RISE OF ABSOLUTE MONARCHS (1650-1750)

  2. “Absolute power corrupts absolutely” The Divine Right of Kings The Modern Nation State THEMES

  3. Weak Medieval Kings Power Feudal Nobel Lords Religious Wars France, England*, Spain (Western) Prussia, Russia, Austria – (Eastern) Diverse Gradual shift from loyalty to regional, local lords – monarch rise of the Modern FACTORS ABSOLUTE MONARCHS

  4. God’s earthly representative Obedience to God – Obedience to the King King could do no wrong Bishop Jacques Bossuet Politics Drawn From the Very Words of the Holy Scripture “The person of the king is sacred, and to attack him in any way is an attack on religion itself.” DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS

  5. Poltitique – “The (politiques) believed man lived primarily in the state, not in the church.” “The politiques were men who concluded that too much was being made of religion, that no doctrine was important enough to justify everlasting war, that perhaps afterall there might be room for two churches, and that what the country needed above all else was civil order.” HENRY IV

  6. Paved the way for French Absolutism by helping to restore internal peace New Nobility – “Nobles of the Robe” Disorders of religious wars germinated the idea of royal absolutism and the sovereign state Henry IV – assassinated 1610 by a Catholic Fanatic HENRY IV

  7. 1610-1643 Son of Henry IV 6 years old when his father dies Mother Marie de Medici – Regent Huguenot revolts Promoted Cardinal Richelieu – Chief Advisor

  8. 1585-1642 Chief advisor – 1624-1642 Shrewd, Brilliant, Energetic, Loyal, Catholic Shaped the destiny of France France – supreme power in Europe Strengthened the power of the king CARDINAL RICHELIEU

  9. Threats to royal power? Huguenots – “state within a state” Peace of Alais (1629) – amended the Edict of Nantes Military rights of Huguenots must be removed Protestantism often served as a religious cloak Siege of La Rochelle PEACE OF ALAIS

  10. Royal Commissioners Middle class, lesser nobles Administrative System France divided into 32 districts Duties: collect taxes, recruit men for army, administer laws, regulate economic activities INTENDANTS

  11. RICHELIEU “If you give me six lines written by the most honest man, I will find something in them to hang him.”- Cardinal Richelieu (Armand-Jean du Plessis)

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