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The Empire Strikes Back

Explore the dramatic events that unfolded during Octavian's rise to power, including his conflict with Mark Antony and alliance with Cleopatra, leading to the Battle of Actium and the end of the Roman Republic. Witness Octavian's transformation into Augustus, the first emperor of the Roman Empire, and the establishment of a new system of government.

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The Empire Strikes Back

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  1. The Empire Strikes Back

  2. Rome Becomes an Empire

  3. The Second Triumvirate Octavian forced Lepidus to retire from politics

  4. The Drama…(even back then) • Octavian and Mark Antony came into conflict • Mark Antony fell in love with Cleopatra VII of Egypt and formed an alliance with her (Caesar’s Ex…) • Octavian told the Romans that Mark Antony (with Cleopatra) planned to make himself the sole ruler of the republic • Alarm spreads, Octavian to declare war on Antony

  5. Battle of Actium • Octavian crushed the army and navy of Antony and Cleopatra • The couple then fled to Egypt • A year later as Octavian closed in on them, Cleopatra and Mark Antony killed themselves

  6. The Roman Empire Octavian now stood on top of the Roman world , alone at age 32 Period of civil wars were over---but so was the republic He lay the foundation for a new system of government

  7. Octavian becomes Augustus • Many Roman citizens favor a republican form of government and he “restores it.” • In 27 B.C. Octavian appeared to do just that. • He gave power back to Senate, seemly putting them in control. • However, he gave himself the title, Imperator or commander-in-chief, and kept control of the army. • Eventually Imperator means emperor. • Octavian takes the name, Augustus = majestic or revered one • Becomes the first emperor of the Roman Empire

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