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Colonial/Corporate and Community-based Solutions to the Climate Crisis

Colonial/Corporate and Community-based Solutions to the Climate Crisis. DR. ZOLT ÁN GROSSMAN Professor of Geography/Native Studies, The Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz Co-Chair, American Association Of Geographers (AAG)

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Colonial/Corporate and Community-based Solutions to the Climate Crisis

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  1. Colonial/Corporate and Community-based Solutionsto the Climate Crisis DR. ZOLTÁN GROSSMAN Professor of Geography/Native Studies, The Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz Co-Chair, American Association Of Geographers (AAG) Indigenous Peoples Specialty Group www.pacificworlds.com/ipsg

  2. Native Resistance to all aspects of Fossil Fuels • Fossil fuel development • Climate change by fossil fuels • Mitigation of climate change

  3. Oil in Ecuador • Ecuador 2nd largest S. America producer • 70% of exports • Drilling in Amazon rainforest

  4. Opposition to oil companies • Construction of roads, pipelines on Indian lands • Displacement of Indigenous, deforestation • Oil leaks into rivers larger than Valdez spill

  5. Ecuador Indigenous occupations Texaco withdrew 1992, Arco met demands Lawsuit against Texaco in U.S. courts

  6. Colombia U’wa vs. Occidental Petroleum Indigenous Peoples and oil

  7. Colombia

  8. Colombia

  9. Colombia Independent Native Journal, Late May, 2002

  10. Oil in NigerDelta region, Nigeria Homeland of Ogoni, Ijaw groups Gas flaring hazards Oil spills in mangrove swamp

  11. Ogoni environmental protests

  12. Oil companies collude with military Shell Oil pays, transports soldiers Many Ogoni killed by military Ogoni leader Dr. Ken Saro-Wiwa executed in 1995

  13. Nigerian women protest Ijaw women occupy Chevron oil docks Protest against pollution, lack of local jobs

  14. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge(ANWR) in Gwich’in Nation

  15. Alberta Tar Sands Tar sands in northern Alberta (Canada); Largest development project in North America to extract synthetic oil from coal tar Air quality in northern Alberta project area as bad as Beijing; local Cree and Métis affected

  16. Alberta Tar Sands Indigenous Environmental Network www.ienearth.org Greenpeace

  17. XXXXXXXXXXXXX United NationsFrameworkConvention onClimate Change xxxxxxxxxxx

  18. United Nations Permanent Forumon Indigenous Issues XXXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxx Bolivian President Evo Morales addressing special session on climate change, March 2008

  19. Carbon CO2lonialism

  20.  Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol have resulted in violations of Indigenous human and land rights. Indigenous peoples earliest and most deeply affected by climate change; also playing highest price for mitigation of climate change CO2lonialism

  21.  Tropical forests viewed in Kyoto Protocol as carbon stores, or agents of carbon sequestration. Large-scale destruction has been brought about by CDM policies to mitigate the effects of global climate change, to produce biofuels and store carbon. Temporary carbon storage in trees being used to offset permanent carbon releases into atmosphere. CO2lonialism Old-growth forest in Australia cut to make way for carbon offset plantation

  22. CO2lonialism  “Shell game” to transfer $3 billion to “some of the worst carbon polluters in the developing world.” (Newsweek, 3/12/07) Carbon trading makes “money for some very large corporations , but don't believe for a minute that this charade [will] do much about global warming." (Wall Street Journal, 3/3/07)

  23. “REDD will not benefit Indigenous Peoples, but in fact, will result in more violations of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights… Under REDD, States and Carbon Traders will take more control over our forests.” --International Indigenous Peoples’ Forum on Climate Change Reducing Emissions from Deforestationand Degradation (REDD)

  24. Tree plantations Result in deforestation of original forest, reforestation with monocrop tree plantations. Eucalyptus fast-growing, profitable Land burned for palm oil plantations in Indonesia (3rd largest emitter), elsewhere

  25. Brazileucalyptusplanations ) Carbon Trading: A Critical Conversation on Climate Change, Privatization and Power (by Larry Lohmann)

  26. EcuadorPalm OilPlantations  Massive areas of coastal rainforests have been cut for African oil palm plantations; only about 2% remain. Since 1997, monoculture African oil palm plantations have replaced 89,000 acres of the complex Chocó rainforest. President Correa proposes to enlarge plantations x5

  27. EcuadorPalm OilPlantations  African oil palm plantations have dispossessed hundreds of Afro-Ecuadorian and Indigenous families, jeopardizing economic security and overall welfare for all those who are left with limited access to land and forest resources. Fungicides, insecticides, and pesticides contaminate water sources (kids play in river after massive spill). CO2lonialism: ‘Unintended Consequences’ of Commoditizing Climate Change and Geographies of Hope and Fear in the Northwestern Frontier of Ecuador (Julianne Hazlewood, Ph.D. Candidate in Geography, Univ. of Kentucky)

  28. Kuna, Emberá, and other Indigenous peoples oppose CDM-funded hydroelectric dams Inter-American Human Rights Commission Petition Panama dams

  29. Since 1998 in La Guajira, more than 200 Indigenous Wayúu have been assassinated to clear their territory for 8 megaprojects including World Bank-funded CDM project, the Jepirachi Wind Farm. Colombia

  30. Colombia Jepirachi Wind Farm turbines provide power for expansion of the giant El Cerrejón coal mine

  31. Two Norwegian companies use pine and eucaplyptus as CDM carbon sinks Local farmers not allowed to gather food inside; relegated to cheap labor force Governments lose authority to determine land use; Area must remain forested to sequester CO2 Plantations need huge amounts of water; soils lose fertility. Park wardens repress and kill residents in forest Uganda

  32. Carbon Trade Watch http://www.carbontradewatch.org Indigenous Environmental Network http://www.ienearth.org/carbontrading.html Indigenous Elders: "Carbon Trading not Ethical": http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYlwAs3wOLo Indigenous Peoples May 2008 protest at UNPFII: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtORVi7GybY Carbon Trading: A Critical Conversation on Climate Change, Privatization and Power (PDF book by Larry Lohmann) www.thecornerhouse.org.uk/subject/climate Carbon Offset Resources

  33. Dr. Zoltán Grossman, Faculty member in Geography / Native American Studies, The Evergreen State College, Lab 1 3012, 2700 Evergreen Parkway NW Olympia, WA 98505 USA Phone: (360) 867-6153 / 359-8871 E-mail: grossmaz@evergreen.edu Web: http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz Climate Change webpage: http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/climate.html

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