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The American Revolution: Road to Independence

Learn about the events that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence and the Revolutionary War for Independence in the Thirteen Colonies.

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The American Revolution: Road to Independence

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  1. The American Revolution: Crossroads- Chapter 10 Pages 302-310

  2. Introduction: What led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence and the Revolutionary War for Independence in the Thirteen Colonies?

  3. Lesson Objectives- Terms: Can you define the following terms? • Thirteen Colonies • Revolution • Declaration of Independence • Way of life • Tax • Act- Sugar, Stamp, Townshend, Tea, & Intolerable • Taxation Without Representation • Representative Government • Federal Union • State • Unicameral • Bicameral • Constitution • Bill of Rights

  4. What were the Thirteen Colonies? • Colony first settled by the British Government, lords, nobles, and adventurers • East coast of present day United States • Jamestown, Virginia- 1607 • Quebec City, 1608 (French in Canada) • British colonies until 1783 • New England (northern), Middle Colonies, Southern Colonies • Colonies had distinct ways of life and local forms of government • Became independent United States of America

  5. When were the Colonies formed? • Virginia (1607) • Massachusetts (1620) • New York (1626) • Maryland (1633) • Rhode Island (1636) • Connecticut (1636) • Delaware (1638) • New Hampshire (1638) • North Carolina (1653) • South Carolina (1663) • New Jersey (1664) • Pennsylvania (1682) • Georgia (1732)

  6. The New England Colonies: • Massachusetts • Rhode Island • Connecticut • New Hampshire • Way of Life: -Fishing -Lumber -Ship building -Rum -Livestock

  7. The Middle Colonies: • New York • Delaware • New Jersey • Pennsylvania • Way of Life: -Grain -Livestock -Iron mining -Furs

  8. The Southern Colonies: • Virginia • Maryland • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia • Way of Life: -Tobacco -Indigo (dye) -Rice -Farm Products -Furs

  9. Problems in the Colonies: • The Seven Years’ War (French & Indian Wars) 1755-1763 cost the British Government financially • British were forced to tax colonists and restrictions were place on local governments • Taxes were collected and used by the British government • Local colonial governments did not benefit from taxes • British government imposed taxes that mainly benefited British interests (companies & people)

  10. Here come the Acts..... • Sugar Act, 1764- tax placed on imported molasses from the British West Indies • Stamp Act, 1765- tax placed on legal documents, publications, newspapers, & playing cards • Townsend Acts, 1767- taxes placed on glass, tea, silk, paper, & lead

  11. Tea Anyone? Tea Act, 1773- • East India Company was given sole right or monopoly to sell tea in North America • Colonists protested resulting in Boston Tea Party • 50 colonists disguised as Native people dumped tea into Boston Harbor as a protest • Government responded with Intolerable Acts

  12. The Intolerable Acts! Intolerable Acts, 1771: • British government response • Boston Harbor was closed • 4,000 British troops sent out 1soldier: 4 colonists • Quebec Act, 1774- giving small French population of Quebec the largest track of land in British North America- Ohio Territory

  13. Colonists Respond..... • Colonist began to boycott British goods • Colonist began to collect arms and ammunition • Colonists began to raise on army of “Minutemen” • Began to hold Continental Congresses • Escalated protests- “taxation with representation” • Writing of the Declaration of the Independence, July, 4th, 1776- Thomas Jefferson

  14. The Declaration of Independence: • Declaration (n): an official statement • Independence: (v): the ability of govern on one’s on • Signees: -John Hancock -Benjamin Franklin -John Adams -Thomas Jefferson

  15. Declaration of Independence- Points: 1- All people have equal rights. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” 2- Great Britain had treated the colonists wrongfully. 3-The colonies were now an independent country known as the United States of America.

  16. Declaration Aftermath: • 1776-1783- American Revolution or War for Independence • Patriot Revolutionaries or Patriots (Blue Coats) & “Militia” versus • Loyalist British Army (Red Coats) • Key Battles: Lexington & Concord, Bunker Hill, Saratoga,& Yorktown • Outcome- defeat of British; United States of America; Representative Government; Constitution; Bill of Rights; Unicameral Federal Congressional System

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